小胶质细胞调节孤独症谱系障碍的作用机制研究进展

Advances in regulatory roles and mechanisms of microglia in autism spectrum disorders

孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)是一种神经发育障碍,其特征是社会交流障碍和限制性重复行为。神经和免疫系统功能障碍被认为是ASD的根本发病原因。大脑常驻免疫细胞——小胶质细胞参与ASD的发病机制,因此小胶质细胞功能障碍与ASD之间的关系值得深入探究。本文主要探讨小胶质细胞在神经发育中的作用,重点分析小胶质细胞在ASD中的神经调控作用,总结靶向小胶质细胞治疗ASD的研究现状,为ASD的治疗干预提供理论依据和潜在靶标。

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviors.Neurological and immune system dysfunctions are considered to be fundamental causes of ASD.Studies have shown that microglia,the brain's resident immune cells,are a possible key player in ASD.Therefore,the relationship between microglia dysfunction and ASD is worth further exploration.This review mainly discusses the role of microglia in neurodevelopment,analyzes the neuroregulatory role of microglia in ASD,summarizes the current studies on targeting microglia to alleviate ASD,and provides theoretical basis and potential targets for therapeutic intervention of ASD.