轴突损伤及修复在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展

Progress in the study of axonal damage and repairment in neurodegenerative diseases

随着老龄化社会快速到来,衰老相关的神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease, PD)、肌萎缩侧索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS)等发病率日益升高,给社会和家庭带来巨大经济负担。轴突损伤是AD、PD和ALS的共有病理特征,不同疾病轴突损伤机制虽各不相同却又相互联系,修复轴突损伤已成为治疗衰老相关的神经退行性疾病的重要路径之一。本文总结和归纳了AD、PD和ALS中神经元轴突损伤机制及修复方法相关研究进展,以期为早期防治衰老相关的神经退行性疾病提供新的靶点和思路。

With the rapid arrival of the aging society,increasing incidence of Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease(PD)and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)has brought great economic burden to the society and families.Axonal damage is a common pathological feature of AD,PD and ALS.Though the mechanisms of axonal damage are different,evidences indicate that pathomechanism of these diseases are interrelated,thus repairing axonal damage has become one of the important pathways for the treatment of age-related neurodegenerative diseases.In this paper,we summarize the research progress in the mechanisms of axonal damage and the related repairment in AD,PD and ALS,aiming to provide new targets and ideas for the prevention and treatment of aging-related neurodegenerative diseases in the early stage.