四肢运动和卧式呼吸体操对全麻术后老年患者围术期免疫功能及胃肠功能的影响

Effects of limb exercises and horizontal breathing gymnastics on immune function and gastrointestinal function in elderly patients after general anaesthesia

目的 探究四肢运动和卧式呼吸体操对全麻术后老年患者免疫功能及胃肠功能的影响。方法 选择2021年10月—2023年2月于该院行全麻术的90例老年患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,各45例,对照组术后给予常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上给予四肢运动、卧式呼吸体操干预,对二组干预前后的免疫功能、胃肠道功能、术后不良反应发生率进行比较。结果 术前,二组的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后二组的上述免疫功能指标均有所下降,但经过干预,观察组免疫功能指标水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后经过干预,观察组的肛门排气时间、排便时间、进食时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 四肢运动和卧式呼吸体操能有效改善全麻术后老年患者的围术期免疫功能和肺功能,并能降低其术后不良反应发生风险,确保术后安全性。

Objective To investigate the effects of limb exercises and horizontal breathing gymnastics on immune function and gastrointestinal function in elderly patients after general anaesthesia.Methods We selected ninety cases of elderly patients who underwent general anaesthesia in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine University Town Sports Trauma Spinal Department from October 2021 to February 2023,and divided them into control group and observation group according to the numerical table method,45 cases each.We gave control group routine nursing intervention after surgery,on this basis give observation group limb movement,horizontal breathing gymnastics intervention,the two groups before and after the intervention of the immune function,gastrointestinal function,the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions to be compared.Results Preoperatively,there was no significant difference in the levels of immunoglobulin G(IgG),IgA,and IgM between the two groups(P>0.05);the above immune function indexes decreased in both groups after surgery.But after intervention,the levels of immune function indexes in observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the anal defecation time,defecation time and feeding time of observation group were shorter than those of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Quadruple limb exercise and horizontal respiratory gymnastics can effectively improve perioperative immune function and lung function in elderly patients after general anaesthesia,and can reduce the risk of their postoperative adverse reactions and ensure postoperative safety.