卧式加工中心矿物铸件床身分析

Analysis of Mineral Casting Bed of Horizontal Machining Center

以某型卧式加工中心为研究对象,对矿物铸件床身和铸铁床身进行静力学、动力学、热特性研究和对比分析。应用Solidworks软件,根据矿物铸件材料特点和铸铁材料特点,对床身分别进行建模。基于钻孔工况,对床身进行受力分析,将受力分析得到的结果作为静力学分析的载荷输入条件。应用Solidworks Simulation软件对矿物铸件床身和铸铁床身分别进行有限元静力学分析、动力学分析、热特性分析。结果表明,矿物铸件床身最大变形量与铸铁床身基本相同,最大应力则比铸铁床身小30%左右。动力学模态分析表明,矿物铸件床身的固有频率高于铸铁床身,一阶固有频率提高125%。矿物铸件床身的前三阶振幅比铸铁床身的前五阶振幅小。热特性分析时,以X轴电机作为发热源,得到矿物铸件床身和铸铁床身达到热稳态后的温度分布情况和对应的热变形。结果表明,铸铁床身的高温区域相比矿物铸件床身分布更广,两者导轨安装面部分的最大热变形量基本相同。通过分析确认,矿物铸件床身更适合应用于切削力较小且对精度保持性要求较高的精加工场合。

Taking a certain type of horizontal machining center as the research object,the static,kinetic and thermal characteristics of the mineral casting bed and the cast iron bed were studied and compared.Using SolidWorks software,the bed was modeled separately according to the characteristics of mineral casting material and cast iron material.Based on the drilling condition,the force analysis of the bed was carried out,and the force analysis result was used as the load input condition for the static analysis.SolidWorks Simulation software was used to perform finite element static analysis,dynamic analysis,and thermal property analysis of mineral casting bed and cast iron bed,respectively.The result shows that the maximum deformation of the mineral casting bed is basically the same as that of the cast iron bed,and the maximum stress is about 30%smaller than that of the cast iron bed.The dynamic mode analysis shows that the natural frequency of the mineral casting bed is higher than that of the cast iron bed,and the first order natural frequency is increased by 125%.The amplitudes of the first three orders of the mineral casting bed are smaller than the amplitudes of the first five orders of the cast iron bed.In the analysis of thermal characteristic,the X axis motor was used as the heat source to obtain the temperature distribution and corresponding thermal deformation of the mineral casting bed and the cast iron bed after reaching the thermal stability state.The result shows that the high temperature area of the cast iron bed is more widely distributed than that of the mineral casting bed,and the maximum thermal deformation of the mounting surface of the guide rail is basically the same.Through analysis,it is confirmed that the mineral casting bed is more suitable for finishing occasion with low cutting force and high accuracy retention requirement.