省域职业教育“十四五”规划分析与高质量发展策略——基于9省(区、市)政策文本

Analysis of the“14th Five-Year Plan”for Provincial Vocational Education and High Quality Development Strategies——Based on Policy Texts from 9 Provinces(Districts,Cities)

职业教育“十四五”发展规划是指导省域职业教育未来五年甚至更长期的纲领性文件。梳理9个省级职业教育“十四五”发展规划政策文本,归纳政策文本共性特征、特色差异和存在问题。结果表明:各省政策围绕国家顶层政策展开,有明确的质化和量化目标,但仍存在类型教育特点不突出,企业参与产教融合动力不足,人才培养质量偏低,技术和社会服务能力不足,政策协同创新困难等问题。因此,应从中高本一体化建设,调动企业积极性,以人为本促进“三教改革”,精准对接社会需求和政策供给侧优化等方面有针对性地解决问题。

The 14th Five-Year Plan for the development of vocational education is a guiding document for provincial vocational education in the next five years or even longer.Sorting out 9 provincial-level vocational education“14th Five-Year Plan”development policy texts,summarizing the common characteristics,distinctive differences,and existing problems of the policy texts.The results indicate that policy formulation in each province focuses on national top-level policies,with clear qualitative and quantitative goals.However,issues such as the lack of prominent characteristics of type education,insufficient motivation for enterprises to participate in the integration of industry and education,low quality of talent cultivation,insufficient technical and social service capabilities,and difficulties in policy collaborative innovation still exist.Therefore,it is necessary to address the above issues in a targeted manner,including the integration of middle school,high school and undergraduate education,mobilizing the enthusiasm of enterprises,promoting the“Three Education Reform”with a people-oriented approach,accurately matching social demand,and optimizing policy supply side.