5~9周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜代谢能、粗蛋白质、钙和有效磷水平研究

Dietary Optimal Metabolic Energy,Crude Protein,Calcium and Available Phosphorus Levels of Wuqin 10 Meat Ducks Aged from 5 to 9 Weeks

本实验旨在通过研究饲粮不同营养水平对5~9周龄“武禽10”肉鸭生长性能、体尺指标、屠宰性能、血液生化指标和养分表观利用率的影响,确定5~9周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜的代谢能(ME)、粗蛋白质(CP)、钙(Ca)和有效磷(AP)水平。实验选择504只28日龄“武禽10”肉鸭,随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复14只鸭。采用4因素3水平L_(9)(3^(4))正交实验设计,设3个ME水平(12.10、12.50、12.90 MJ/kg),3个CP水平(质量分数分别为16.5%、18.5%、20.5%),3个Ca水平(质量分数分别为0.60%、0.80%、1.00%)和3个AP水平(质量分数分别为0.30%、0.40%、0.50%),按照不同营养水平设计共配制9种实验饲粮,对9组实验鸭进行为期35 d的饲养实验。结果显示:1)饲粮中ME水平显著影响5~9周龄肉鸭的平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)、半潜水长、体斜长、胫围、腹脂率和皮脂率,以及血清尿酸(UA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、磷(P)浓度(P<0.05);2)饲粮中CP水平显著影响5~9周龄肉鸭的ADFI、ADG、龙骨长、体斜长、胸宽、胸肌率、腹脂率和皮脂率,以及血清总胆固醇(TC)、GLU、P含量(P<0.05);3)饲粮Ca水平显著影响5~9周龄肉鸭的ADFI、龙骨长、胫长、胫围、体斜长、半潜水长、腹脂率,以及血清GLU、Ca、P含量(P<0.05);4)饲粮AP水平显著影响5~9周龄肉鸭的ADG、F/G、体斜长、胸宽、胫围、腹脂率和皮脂率,以及血清UA、GLU含量(P<0.05)。在本实验条件下,综合考虑生长性能、体尺指标、屠宰性能、血液生化指标等结果,5~9周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜ME、CP、Ca、AP水平分别为12.5 MJ/kg、18.5%、0.8%和0.4%。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary formulations with different nutritional levels on growth performance,body size indexes,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes and nutrient apparent availability,to determine the appropriate dietary metabolic energy(ME),crude protein(CP),calcium(Ca)and available phosphorus(AP)levels of Wuqin 10 meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks.A total of 504 Wuqin 10 meat ducks at 28 days of age were randomly divided into 9 groups with 4 replicates per group and 14 ducks per replicate.The orthogonal design of L_(9)(3^(4))with 4 factors and 3 levels was applied,and nine experimental diets were formulated according to different nutrient levels,including 3 ME levels(12.10,12.50 MJ/kg and 12.90 MJ/kg),3 CP levels(16.5%,18.5%and 20.5%),3 Ca levels(0.60%,0.80%and 1.00%)and 3 AP levels(0.30%,0.40%and 0.50%).Nine groups of ducks were fed for 35 days.The results indicated that:1)dietary ME level significantly affected the average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG),feed/gain(F/G),semi diver length,body oblique length,shank girth,abdominal fat percentage and skin fat percentage,and serum uric acid(UA),glucose(GLU)and phosphorus(P)concentrations of meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks(P<0.05);2)dietary CP level dramatically influenced the ADFI,ADG,sternal length,body oblique length,chest width,breast muscle percentage,abdominal fat percentage and skin fat percentage,and serum total cholesterol(TC),GLU and P contents of meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks(P<0.05);3)the ADFI,sternal length,shank length,shank girth,body oblique length,semi-diver length,abdominal fat percentage,and serum GLU,Ca and P contents of meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks were markedly affected by dietary Ca level(P<0.05);4)the ADG,F/G,body oblique length,chest width,shank girth,abdominal fat percentage and skin fat percentage,and serum UA and GLU contents of meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks were significantly affected by dietary AP level(P<0.05).Summarily,considering the results of growth performance,body size indexes,slaughter performance and blood biochemical indexes obtained from this experiment,the optimal dietary ME,CP,Ca and AP levels of Wuqin 10 meat ducks aged from 5 to 9 weeks were 12.50 MJ/kg,18.5%,0.8%and 0.4%,respectively.