非复制型mRNA疫苗的设计策略

The design strategyofnon-r icating mRNA vaccine

随着信使RNA(messenger ribonucleic acid,mRNA)的核苷酸化学修饰和递送技术的不断发展和完善,mRNA疫苗技术在传染病预防和癌症治疗中显示出了超乎预期的效果。2023年,Katalin Karikó及Drew Weissman因为在核苷酸碱基修饰助力mRNA疫苗成功研发方面的突出贡献荣获了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。本文对近年来非复制型mRNA疫苗研究在降低mRNA诱导免疫反应、提高mRNA稳定性、提升抗原表达效率、递送系统开发等方面的最新进展予以综述,以期为研究人员提出全新的概述,并且助力mRNA疫苗在更多传染性疾病乃至肿瘤防治中得到广泛应用。

With the continuous development and refinement of nucleotide chemical modification and delivery technologies for messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA),mRNA vaccine technology has shown great progress in infectious disease prevention and cancer treatment.In 2023,Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman were awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their outstanding contributions to the development of mRNA vaccines through nucleotide base modification.In this review,we introduced and discussed the recent progress of non-replicating mRNA vaccines in reducing mRNA autoimmunogenicity,improving mRNA stability,enhancing antigen expression efficiency,and developing delivery systems,aiming to provide researchers a new profile.This paper could also help mRNA vaccines to be widely used in the prevention and treatment of more infectious diseases and even tumors.