基于潜在剖面分析的乳腺癌患者家庭韧性分型及其影响因素研究

Study on potential category characteristics and influencing factors of family resilience in breast cancer patients

目的基于潜在剖面分析探究乳腺癌患者家庭韧性的潜在类别及其影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法采用横断面调查方法,2022年1月至2023年6月便利抽样选取桂林医学院第二附属医院、广西壮族自治区南溪山医院门诊或病房复诊的268例乳腺癌患者为研究对象。使用一般资料问卷、家庭韧性评估量表、医学应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表对研究对象进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析识别乳腺癌患者家庭韧性的潜在类别,使用有序多分类Logistic回归分析确定家庭韧性的影响因素。结果268例乳腺癌患者,年龄30~65(49.51±3.23)岁;家庭韧性总分为(81.78±13.71)分。乳腺癌患者家庭韧性可分为3个潜在剖面:低韧性-应对困难低效组(23.1%)、中韧性-应对困难中效组(33.2%)、高韧性-应对困难高效组(43.7%);有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,居住地、家庭人均月收入和医学应对方式、领悟社会支持会对乳腺癌患者家庭韧性的潜在类别产生影响(均P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌患者家庭韧性存在群体异质性,医护人员应注重不同居住地和家庭人均月收入患者的分类,从应对方式及社会支持方面入手制订个性化的精准干预,以提高其家庭韧性。

Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of family resilience of breast cancer patients based on potential profile analysis to provide reference for targeted intervention.Methods Cross-sectional investigation was used.From January 2022 to June 2023,268 breast cancer patients revisited in the outpatient department or ward of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College and Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the study objects.The subjects were investigated by general data questionnaire,Family Resilience Assessment Scale,Medical Coping Style Questionnaire and Perceptive Social Support Scale.Potential profile analysis was used to identify the potential categories of family resilience in breast cancer patients,and ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of family resilience.Results Totally 268 cases of breast cancer,aged 30-65(49.51±3.23)years old;the total score of family resilience was(81.78±13.71)points.The family toughness of breast cancer patients could be divided into three potential profiles:low toughness and low coping difficulty group(23.1%),medium toughness and medium coping difficulty group(33.2%),high toughness and high coping difficulty group(43.7%).The results of ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that residence,per capita monthly household income,medical coping style and perceived social support had an impact on the potential categories of family resilience in breast cancer patients(all P<0.05).Conclusions There is group heterogeneity in family resilience of breast cancer patients.Medical staff should pay attention to the classification of patients in different places of residence and family per capita monthly income,and formulate personalized and precise interventions from the aspects of coping styles and social support to improve family resilience.