肌动蛋白成核因子Spire的研究进展

Advances in the study of the actin nucleation factor Spire

肌动蛋白成核因子主要分为3类:Arp2/3复合体、Spire和Formin蛋白。其中Spire通过稳定的纵向四聚体成核组装微丝,将肌动蛋白结合到微丝生长端。早在1999年Wellington等人就发现Spire是肌动蛋白的成核剂,然而多年来的研究大多数着眼于Arp2/3、Formin蛋白,作为肌动蛋白成核因子的一员,关于Spire的相关研究相对较少。有研究显示,Spire蛋白通过合成肌动蛋白参与到囊泡运输过程。近几年还有研究发现,Spire在神经发育方面也有着重要作用。本文希望通过对Spire的结构、表达、功能以及与疾病的关联等方面的研究进行梳理,以便找到未来针对Spire研究富有意义的可能方向。

There are three main classes of actin nucleation factors:Arp2/3 complexes,Spire and Formin.Spire assembles microfila-ments by nucleating stable longitudinal tetramers and binding actin to the growing end of the microfilament.As early as 1999,Wellington et al.identified Spire as an actin nucleating agent,however,over the years,most studies have focused on Arp2/3 and Formin proteins;there has been relatively less research on Spire as a member of the actin nucleating factors.Recent studies have shown that Spire is involved in the vesicular transport through the synthesis of actin and plays an important role in neural development.In this paper,we reviewed the structure,expression and function of Spire,and its association with disease in order to identify meaningful potential directions for studies on Spire.