拼装视角下中缅印度洋新通道建设的地理过程

The geographical process of international corridor construction:The assemblage perspective of China-Myanmar Indian Ocean New Channel

拼装关注人和非人的“异质生成空间”,强调“后关系本体论”导向的过程逻辑,被界定为异质元素相互作用和关系动态变化的过程,为地理学研究提供理论和方法上的哲学新方式。基于此,本文尝试构建国际通道建设的地理过程分析框架,即该地理过程可以通过物质的/表意的组成轴向,或领域化/去领域化、编码/解码等变化轴向分析。以中缅印度洋新通道为例,解析百余年来异质元素组成与时空关系协同作用下的地理过程变化。研究发现:以临沧一线的地理区位优势为物质基础,滇缅铁路的历史创伤与百年梦想,以及21世纪的国家宏观主导与地方先行先试,共同促成该通道的跨地联通。其中,滇缅铁路因第二次世界大战时日军入侵而遗憾“夭折”,让当地产生伤痛的历史记忆,成为推动日后拼装实践的情感力量;国家自上而下的倡议编码与铁路基建,临沧同中国科学院、中国西南省市企业、缅方的主动协作,一道实现21世纪通道拼装中的跨尺度权力耦合。不过该通道建设仍面临双边政策编码不足、跨境基建水平低、缅甸地缘环境局势不稳等风险,需在未来精准应对。本文在学理上有助于提升对拼装的过程性和整体性认识,补充拼装对地缘关系和主体功能的识别,也启发着对地理学研究范式的探讨和创新,以及国际通道建设的未来发展。

Focusing on"heterogeneous spanning space"of human and non-human elements and"post-relational ontology"with the process logic,assemblage provides a new philosophical perspective for geographical research,as it considers the interactions between heterogeneous components and their dynamic relations.From the assemblage perspective,this paper attempts to construct an analytical framework for the geographical process of international corridor construction,which means that,the process can be analysed through the component dimension of material/expressive,or the changing dimension of territorialization/deterritorialization and coding/decoding.Using the China-Myanmar Indian Ocean New Channel as a case study,this paper analyses its geographical process assembled by heterogeneous elements and their interrelations over the past century.The main finding is that,based on geographical advantages of Lincang's side as material components,the corridor's opening is assembled jointly by the historical trauma and century-old dream resulted from the Yunnan-Myanmar Railway,the leadership of the Chinese government and positive practices of local actors in the 21st century.The sudden termination of the Yunnan-Burma Railway due to the Japan's invasion in the Second World War,has coded the painful memory for local actors,which became the affective power to force the subsequent assembling.The cross-scale power coupling of the corridor's assemblage in the 21st century is achieved through the Chinese government's initiative and the railway infrastructure construction,as well as Lincang's positive cooperation with the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Myanmar's actors,and China's other provinces,cities and enterprises.However,the corridor construction still faces assembling risks and challenges currently,such as the low-level construction of transborder infrastructure,the insufficient coding of bilateral agreements,and ongoing conflicts in northern Myanmar,which all need to be coped with in the future.This paper not only contributes to the understanding of the process and integrity of assemblage,complements the recognition of geo-relations and actors'functions,but also inspires the discussion and innovation of geography's research paradigms,and the corridor construction and development in the future.