西北地区冠心病患者ApoE基因多态性分布研究以及对他汀类药物使用的指导意义

Distribution of ApoE gene polymorphisms in patients with coronary heart disease in Northwest China and its guiding significance for the use of statins

目的探讨我国西北地区冠心病患者ApoE基因多态性分布情况。方法选取西安交通大学第一附属医院冠心病治疗患者2388例,检测ApoE的基因型,统计基因型及等位基因分布特征,并对比国内外其他地区基因型及等位基因分布差异。结果E3E3、E3E4、E2E3、E2E4、E4E4、E2E2,分别占患者总数的70.31%、15.20%、11.93%、1.30%、0.75%、0.50%。检测出ApoE E2、E3及E4等位基因频率分别为7.12%、83.88%、9.00%。不同性别、年龄冠心病患者之间ApoE基因型及等位基因分布差异均无统计学意义;不同国家和地区ApoE基因型及等位基因分布差异均具有统计学意义。结论西北地区冠心病患者ApoE基因型主要以E3E3、E3E4为主,等位基因以E3为主,有助于目前血脂正常的人群预测血脂异常风险,从而早期通过调节饮食和生活方式来控制血脂,预防或延缓心脑血管疾病的发生。同时也可为患者合理使用他汀类药物提供一定的参考依据。

Objective To investigate the distribution of ApoE gene polymorphism in patients with coronary heart disease in Northwest China.Methods The genotype of ApoE was detected in 2 388 patients with coronary heart disease treated in our hospital.The distribution characteristics of genotypes and alleles were counted, and the differences of genotypes and alleles in other regions at home and abroad were analysized.Results E3E3,E3E4,E2E3,E2E4,E4E4 and E2E2 accounted for 70.31%,15.20%,11.93%,1.30%,0.75% and 0.5% of the total number of patients, respectively.The allele frequencies of ApoE E2,E3 and E4 were 7.12%,83.88%,and 9.00%,respectively.There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of ApoE genotypes and alleles among patients with coronary heart disease of different genders and ages;There are statistically significant differences in the distribution of ApoE genotypes and alleles among different countries and regions.Conclusion The main genotypes of ApoE in patients with coronary heart disease in the north-west region of China are E3E3 and E3E4,and the main allele is E3,which is helpful for people with normal blood lipids to predict the risk of dyslipidemia, so as to control blood lipids and prevent or delay the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by regulating diet and lifestyle at the early stage.Meanwhile, it can also provide some guidance for patients to use statins rationally.