淮南市2021—2022年鼠类监测分析

Analysis of rodent surveillance in Huainan City from 2021 to 2022

目的 对淮南市2021年9月至2022年11月鼠类监测数据进行分析探究,了解该地区鼠类种群构成、分布和季节消长等情况,为制定鼠类防控措施提供可靠依据。方法 采取夹夜法每2个月对鼠类展开1次监测,2021年监测点包含城镇居民区、农村居民区和重点行业3种生境,2022年监测点增加了农田和林地2种生境,记录并分析其监测数据。结果 2021年9月至2022年11月淮南市共计捕获181只鼠,总鼠密度为1.12%,包括3类鼠种,分别是褐家鼠62只,黄胸鼠27只以及小家鼠92只,小家鼠属于淮南市优势鼠种,其在捕鼠总数中的占比高达50.83%;各生境中农村居民区鼠密度最高,达1.8%;鼠密度在春季和夏天升高。结论 淮南市农村居住区是需要重视的鼠类防控区域,应在鼠密度高发季节前,对不同生境实施针对性的防控措施,加强鼠类密度监测,降低鼠密度,减少鼠传播疾病事件的发生。

Objective To analyze and explore the rodent monitoring data from September 2021 to November 2022 in Huainan City,understand the composition,distribution and seasonal fluctuation of rodent population in the area,so as to provide reliable basis for the prevention and control measures of rodent.Methods Rodents were monitored every two months(single month monitoring)by night method.In 2021,the monitoring sites included urban residential areas,rural residential areas and key industries,and in 2022,farmland and forest land were added to the monitoring sites,and the monitoring data were recorded and analyzed.Results From September 2021 to November 2022,a total of 181 rats were captured in Huainan city,with a total rat density of 1.12%,including three species,62 Rattus norvegicus,27 Rattus tanezumi and 92 Mus musculus.Mus musculus was the dominant rat species in Huainan City,accounting for 50.83%of the total rodents.The density of rodents in rural residential areas was the highest(1.8%).Rat density increases in spring and summer.Conclusion The rural residential area of Huainan City is a rodent control area that needs attention.Before the arrival of the high rat density season,targeted prevention and control measures should be implemented in different habitats,strengthen monitoring of rodents,reduce rat density to reduce occurrence of rat-borne diseases.