甘肃省河西走廊玉米品种的产量表现及农艺性状评价

Yield Performance and Agronomic Traits Evaluation of Maize Varieties in Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province

通过对玉米品种农艺性状的分析,筛选出对产量影响最大的农艺性状和适宜在特定生态区种植的品种,为后续的品种推广和生态区种植提供理论基础。在2020、2021和2022年3个不同年份间分别种植16个玉米品种(L1~L16),对小区产量、株高等重要指标进行记载。方差分析结果可知,除穗长的品种与年份互作效应(L×Y)、穗行数和千粒重外,其余性状的品种效应(L)、品种与年份互作效应、年份效应(Y)均呈极显著差异(P<0.001)。GGE分析显示,L6(武农科1号)在酒泉市2020和2021年适应性最强,L10(五谷652)在酒泉市2022年的适应性最强;小区产量高且较为稳定的是L6(武农科1号)、L7(RF699)、L13(德圣358)等。相关性和主成分分析可知,小区产量与其余农艺性状之间均呈正相关。L6(武农科1号)、L7(RF699)、L13(德圣358)等品种的产量适应性和稳定性俱佳且其余农艺性状表现较优,适宜在本试验所选择的试点进行推广种植。

The study aimed to analyze the agronomic traits of maize.The most important agronomic traits and varieties suitable for planting in specific ecological areas were selected.This would provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent variety extension and ecological area planting.Sixteen maize varieties(L1-L16)were planted in 2020,2021 and 2022.The indices of yield and plant height in the plot were recorded.The analysis of variance showed that except for the number of ears per row,1000-grain weight and the effect of variety(L)on ear length,the effect of variety(L),year(Y)and variety and year interactions(L×Y)of other traits were significant(P<0.001).GGE analysis indicated that L6(Wunongke No.1)exhibited the strongest adaptability in Jiuquan in 2020 and 2021,while L10(Grain0652)had the strongest adaptability in Jiuquan in 2022.The varieties with high and stable yield were L6(Wunongke No.1),L7(RF699)and L13(Desant358).The analysis of correlation and principal component showed that plot yield was positively correlated with other agronomic traits.The varieties of L6(Wunongke No.1),L7(RF699)and L13(Desant358)had good adaptability stability of yield and good performance of agronomic traits,which was suitable to popularize planting in the pilot site.