紫花苜蓿连作障碍研究进展

Advanced in Continuous Cropping Obstacles of Alfalfa

作物连作障碍会造成土壤营养匮乏、含水量下降、自毒物质积累、有益微生物减少以及病虫害加剧等问题,严重影响作物产量。紫花苜蓿作为多年生优质牧草,在我国广泛种植,长期连作紫花苜蓿会出现土壤质量逐年下降、有害微生物比例升高、病虫害暴发、自毒作用等连作障碍。本文收集和梳理相关文献,提出紫花苜蓿连作障碍问题,分析其成因,并借鉴解决其他作物,提出轮作、间作套种、合理施肥、植物生长调节剂等可缓解紫花苜蓿人工草地连作障碍的措施,指出使用功能微生物改变土壤微生态环境是防控紫花苜蓿连作障碍的有效途径,以期为后期研究解决紫花苜蓿连作障碍提供理论基础。

Crop continuous cropping obstacles will result in soil nutrient deficiency,water content reduction,accumulation of self-toxicity substances,reduction of soil beneficial microorganisms,and aggravation of diseases and pests,which seriously affect crop yield.Alfalfa,as a perennial high-quality forage,is widely planted in our country.However,long-term continuous cropping of alfalfa may cause continuous cropping obstacles such as decreasing soil quality,increasing proportion of harmful microorganism,outbreaks of diseases and pests,and self-toxicity effects.This article collected and sorted out relevant literature,put forward the problem of continuous cropping obstacle of alfalfa and analyzed its formation reason.By referring to other crops,it proposed measures that could be applied in artificial grassland of alfalfa,such as crop rotation,intercropping,rational fertilization and plant growth regulators.It pointed out that using functional microorganisms to change soil microecological environment is an effective way to prevent and control continuous cropping obstacles of alfalfa,and provided the basis for later research on solving continuous cropping obstacles of alfalfa.