酵母硒和黄芪多糖对宁都黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质及抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of selenium yeast and Astragalus polysaccharide on the growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality,and antioxidant indexes of Ningdu yellow chickens

为了探究酵母硒和黄芪多糖对宁都黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质及抗氧化能力的影响,试验将144只78日龄宁都黄鸡随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只。对照组仅饲喂基础日粮,酵母硒组、黄芪多糖组和复合组分别在基础日粮中添加0.3%酵母硒、300 mg/kg黄芪多糖、0.3%酵母硒+300 mg/kg黄芪多糖,试验期为42 d。试验期间记录宁都黄鸡生长性能指标数据;试验结束当天禁饲12 h,每个重复随机选取3只宁都黄鸡测定屠宰性能指标,采集胸肌样品测定肌肉品质指标及抗氧化指标。结果表明:各组间平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比均差异不显著(P>0.05);复合组的全净膛率、胸肌率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,各试验组宁都黄鸡的肌肉蒸煮损失率、24 h和48 h滴水损失率均降低,其中复合组显著降低(P<0.05),且复合组的24 h滴水损失率显著低于黄芪多糖组、酵母硒组(P<0.05)。复合组肌肉中SOD、GSH-Px活性及T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而MDA浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且复合组肌肉中SOD、GSH-Px活性显著高于黄芪多糖组(P<0.05)。说明在日粮中添加酵母硒、黄芪多糖或酵母硒和黄芪多糖可在一定程度上改善宁都黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化能力,且酵母硒与黄芪多糖复合添加效果更为明显。

In order to investigate the effects of selenium yeast and Astragalus polysaccharide on growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality,and antioxidant indexes of Ningdou yellow chickens,a total of 14478-day-old Ningdou yellow chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 12 chickens per replicate.The animals in the control group were fed only a basal diet.Yeast selenium group,Astragalus polysaccharide group and compound group were fed the basal diet supplemented with O.3%selenium yeast,300 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharide,and 0.3%selenium yeast+300 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharide,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days,during which growth performance indexes of Ningdu yellow chickens were recorded.At the end of the experiment,the animals were forbidden to feed for 12 h,and 3 Ningdu yellow chickens were randomly selected for each replicate to determine the slaughter performance.Then the chest muscle samples were collected for the determination of muscle quality and antioxidant indexes.The results showed that there were no significant differences in average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and feed to gain ratio among the groups.The evisceration rate and chest muscle rate in compound group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the cooking loss rate and the drip loss rate of the muscle at 24 h and 48 h were decreased in the experimental groups,among which the compound group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The 24 h drip loss rate in the compound group was significantly lower than that of the Astragalus polysaccharide and selenium yeast groups(P<0.05).In the compound group,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the T-AOC were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),while the MDA concentration was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Additionally,the activities of SOD and CSH-Px in the muscle of the compound group were significantly higher than those in the Astragalus polysaccharide group(P<0.05).The results indicated that the growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality,and antioxidant capacity of Ningdu yellow chickens could be enhanced by supplementation with selenium yeast,Astragalus polysaccharide,or a combination of both.Moreover,the combined supplementation of selenium yeast and Astragalus polysaccharide showed more obvious effects.