规范性文件法院处理方式研究

Research on Court Handling Methods of Normative Documents

对于违法的规范性文件,我国法院只能向制定机关提出不具有约束力的“处理建议”,许多发达国家法院则可以对规范性文件直接宣判,而且创造了多种判决类型,较好地解决了法院处理约束力的问题。此外,对于规范性文件所造成的直接损害,以及制定不作为所造成的损害,我国法院尚无法作出有效的处理,一些发达国家法院则可以判决制定机关进行赔偿。为此,我国可以参考国外相关经验,采取将“处理建议”改为判决,允许行政相对人对于规范性文件直接起诉等措施,从而改进我国规范性文件的法院处理方式,以更好地保障行政相对人的权利。

In the case of illegal regulatory documents,Chinese courts can only submit non-binding"processing proposals"to the enacting agencies.In contrast,many courts in foreign countries can not only directly stipulate regulatory documents,but also create multiple types of judgments,and the binding force is not the problem.In addition.Chinese court cannot make a judicial disposition to deal with the direct damages caused by the regulatory documents and the damages caused by the legislative inaction.In contrast,many foreign courts can ask the enacting organ to compensate the damages caused both by the regulatory documents and by the legislative inaction.In order to better protect the rights of the administrative counterpart.China can learn from the relevant experience of developed countries,take measures such as changing"processing proposals"to judgment,allowing the administrative counterpart to directly sue for regulatory documents,so as to improve the judicial disposition of regulatory documents in China.