从用典看清代花仙文言小说的知识书写倾向

The Intellectual Writing Tendency of Fairy Legends in the Qing Dynasty from the Allusions

清代花仙文言小说好用典故,与前代文言小说侧重叙事的记录方式形成迥异。通过典故叠用、暗用以及反用等方式,实现了知识的重构,使得清代花仙文言小说带有明显的知识书写倾向。这与清代花谱类书的繁荣以及花谱类书侧重事典的体例有关,可以说,花谱类书提供了必要的知识支撑。知识书写促使花仙文言小说具有独特的阅读审美效果,知识对位是破译密码的关键。分析清代花仙文言小说的用典情况,可以进一步考察文言小说逐渐脱离“史部”实录、带有明显创作特征的文类演变进程。

The classical Chinese novels about fairy tales in the Qing Dynasty often use allusions,which is quite different from the narrative-focused recording methods in the previous dynasties.Through the repeated use,hidden use and reverse use of allusions,the reconstruction of knowledge has been realized,making the classical Chinese novels about fairy tales in the Qing Dynasty have an obvious tendency of knowledge writing.This is related to the prosperity of floral dictionaries in the Qing Dynasty and the style of floral dictionaries that focuses on the dictionary.It can be said that floral dictionaries provide necessary knowledge support.Knowledge writing promotes the classical Chinese novels about fairy tales to have a unique aesthetic effect,and knowledge counterpoint is the key to decoding the code.Analyzing the citation situation of classical Chinese novels about fairy tales in the Qing Dynasty can further investigate the evolution process of classical Chinese novels that gradually leave the“Ministry of History”and have obvious creation characteristics.