基于SWMM模型的低影响开发设施雨洪控制效果分析——以南昌工程学院瑶湖校区为例

Storm Water Control Effect of Low Impact Development Facilities Based on SWMM:A Case Study of Yaohu Campus of Nanchang Institute of Technology

随着城市化的快速发展,城市内涝问题日益严重。为解决城市内涝问题,以南昌工程学院瑶湖校区为研究区域,利用SWMM(Storm Water Management Model)构建了暴雨洪水管理模型,并加入低影响开发设施(Low Impact Development,LID),分析在LID设施建设前后,不同重现期暴雨情况下LID设施对研究区域降雨径流的控制效果,为海绵校园的建设提供科学依据和参考。结果表明:(1)研究区域内SWMM模型雨洪模拟的结果在参数调整后与实际情况比较吻合,表现出较好的适用性;(2)LID设施对降雨径流有较好的控制效果;(3)LID设施建设后对研究区域排水口峰值流量有较好的削减效果,随着暴雨重现期的减小,削减率基本维持不变,对排水口峰现时刻延迟效果增强;(4)LID设施建设后对研究区域内各子汇水区峰现时刻的径流量减少了约0.02 m^(3)/s,学生宿舍、图书馆等降雨径流较大的区域峰现时刻的径流量可降低至0.05 m^(3)/s左右,减小了降雨径流对师生出行的影响。

With the rapid development of urbanization,the problem of urban waterlogging is becoming increasingly serious.In order to solve the problem of urban waterlogging,the Yaohu Campus of Nanchang Institute of Technology was studied,and a storm water management model(SWMM)was constructed.In addition,low impact development(LID)facilities were added to analyze the control effect of LID facilities on rainfall runoff in the study area under different return periods of rainstorms before and after the construction of LID facilities,so as to provide a scientific basis and reference for the construction of a sponge campus.The results indicate that:①The storm water simulation results of SWMM in the study area are in good agreement with the actual situation after parameter adjustment,demonstrating good applicability;②LID facilities have a good control effect on rainfall runoff;③The construction of LID facilities can better reduce the peak flow of the drainage outlet in the study area.With the reduction of the rainstorm return period,the reduction rate basically remains unchanged,and the delay effect on the peak moment of the drainage outlet is enhanced;④After the construction of LID facilities,the runoff at the peak moment of each subcatchment area in the study area is reduced by about 0.02 m^(3)/s,and the runoff at the peak moment of areas with large runoff such as dormitories and libraries can be reduced to about 0.05 m^(3)/s,reducing the impact of rainfall runoff on the travel of teachers and students.