疼痛者社会经济地位对他人认知共情的影响

The Effect of Patients’Socioeconomic Status on Cognitive Empathy for Patients’Pain

西方研究发现疼痛者的社会经济地位会影响他人对其疼痛的认知共情,但缺少中国社会背景下的研究,也缺少对其内部机制的探索。本文基于刻板印象内容模型提出能力水平感知的中介作用,分别以普通人和医学专业人员为被试进行实验。研究1中,普通人对低社会经济地位的疼痛者认知共情程度低,且能力感知在其中起中介作用;研究2发现,疼痛者社会经济地位并不会影响中国医学专业人员的认知共情,这可能是由于中国社会背景下医学专业有素质培养和职业要求,与西方情况存在现实差异。

Western studies have shown that the socioeconomic status(SES)of patients can influence others'cognitive empathy towards their pain,yet research within the context of Chinese society is lacking,as is exploration of its internal mechanisms.This study,based on the stereotype content model,posits the mediating role of perceived competence.Two experiments were conducted,with one involving laypeople and the other with medical professionals.In Study 1,it was found that as the SES of patients decreased,laypeople’s cognitive empathy also decreased,with perceived competence acting as a mediating factor.In contrast,Study 2 demonstrated that the SES of patients did not influence the cognitive empathy of medical professionals,differing from both Study 1 and Western research findings.This indicates a unique aspect of cognitive empathy among the group of Chinese medical professionals,which may be attributed to the quality training and professional requirements of medical disciplines,as well as the real-world differences between Eastern and Western societies.