中央苏区乡村社会的改造与重塑——以《毛泽东农村调查文集》为中心的考察

Transformation and Reshaping of Rural Society in Central Soviet Area——A Case Study of Collection of Mao Zedong's Rural Investigations

在中国漫长的封建社会中,地主经济、绅权政治和宗族观念在维系传统乡村社会稳定的同时也造成了它的封闭和保守,成为中国共产党进入乡村和改造乡村的主要障碍。中央苏区时期,中国共产党以地权关系的变革为起点,通过满足广大农民群体对土地占有的强烈愿望,赢得了他们的支持和拥护,继而在革命斗争中完成了对政治权利和思想文化的重构,实现了对传统乡村社会在经济、政治和思想文化三个维度上的全面改造,重塑了一个平等、自由、民主、友爱且具有浓厚革命意识的新型乡村社会,不仅从根本上维护了广大农民阶级的利益,也为建立和巩固苏维埃政权奠定了坚实的社会基础。

In the long feudal society of China,landlord economy,gentry power politics and patriarchal clan,while maintaining the stability of the traditional rural society,has also induced its closeness and conservatism,becoming the main obstacles for the CPC's entrance and transformation of the countryside.During the period of the Central Soviet Area,starting with the reform in land right relations,the CPC won the support of the peasants by meeting their strong desire for land possession,completing the reconstruction of political rights and ideological culture in the revolutionary struggle and realizing the comprehensive transformation of the traditional rural society in the dimensions of economy,politics and ideological culture,and reshaping a new rural society with equality,freedom,democracy,friendship and strong revolutionary consciousness.It not only fundamentally safeguarded the interests of the peasant class,but also laid a solid social foundation for the establishment and consolidation of the Soviet regime.