需求理论视阈下不想腐的心理形成机制研究

Formation of the Psychological Mechanism of Not Wanting to Corrupt from the Perspective of Theory of Needs

当前我国“不想腐”的建设仍以思想教育引导为主,缺乏一套完善的心理形成机制。需求是腐败行为的源动力,要构建“不想腐”的心理形成机制,应当以马斯洛的需求理论为依据,分析腐败行为发生的心理动因,将腐败心理按照物质导向、安全稳定导向、归属导向与自尊导向归为四类,并以此为基础构建“不想腐”的体制机制闭环。具体而言,“不想腐”的心理形成机制应当包含如下四方面的内容:一是完善“不想腐”的内部心理保障机制,筑牢思想根基,培育廉政心理;二是构建“不想腐”的外部物质激励机制,完善薪酬待遇体系,满足公职人员的合理需求;三是建立外部廉洁文化涵养机制,形成全社会的廉洁文化,涵养公职人员的廉政作为;四是注重“三不腐”之间的相互贯通与一体推进,促使“不敢腐”与“不能腐”向“不想腐”转化。

At present,the construction of“not wanting to corrupt”in our country is still guided by ideological education,a set of perfect formation mechanism absent.Demand is the original driving force of corruption behavior.In order to build a psychological formation mechanism of not wanting to corrupt,we should analyze the psychological causes of corruption behavior based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,classify corruption psychology into four categories according to material orientation,security and stability orientation,belonging orientation and self-esteem orientation,and build a closed-loop institutional mechanism of“not wanting to corrupt”on this basis.Specifically speaking,the psychological formation mechanism of not wanting to corrupt should contain the following four aspects:first,perfecting the internal psychological security mechanism of not wanting to corrupt to build a solid ideological foundation,and cultivate the psychology of clean government;second,building the external material incentive mechanism to avoid corruption to improve the salary system,and satisfy reasonable requirements of public employees;Third,establishing the external integrity culture cultivation mechanism to form a national integrity culture,and cultivate the offi-cial’s integrity quality;finally,promoting the transformation from“not daring to corrupt”and“unable to corrupt”to“not wanting to corrupt”.