母亲低头行为对幼儿社会情绪能力的影响:母子冲突的中介效应

Mother Phubbing and Toddler’s Social-Emotional Competence:The Mediating Effect of Mother-Child Conflict

低头行为是伴随着数字化发展而形成的一种新形式的忽视行为,近年来父母低头行为及其对儿童发展的影响引起社会关注。社会情绪能力是面向21世纪的核心竞争能力,是衡量儿童社会性发展的重要指标。为探讨母亲低头行为对幼儿社会情绪能力的作用机制,本研究采用低头行为量表、儿童情绪适应量表及亲子冲突量表,对359名4~6岁的幼儿及其母亲进行了调查。结果显示:(1)母亲低头行为和母子冲突均处于中等偏下水平,幼儿社会情绪能力处于中等偏上水平;(2)母亲低头行为和母子冲突能显著负向预测幼儿的社会情绪能力;母亲低头行为能显著正向预测母子冲突;(3)母子冲突在母亲低头行为与幼儿社会情绪能力之间起完全中介作用。母亲低头行为这一消极教养行为对儿童发展有消极影响,作为主要养育者的母亲应规范使用手机,减少低头行为,重视亲子陪伴质量,以促进儿童的健康发展。

Phubbing is a new form of neglect behavior formed with the development of digitization.In recent years,parental phubbing behavior and its influence on children’s development have attracted social attention.Social-emotional competence is the core competitive ability facing the 21st century,and it is an important index to measure children’s social development.This study aims to explore the relationship between mother and children’s social-emotional competence,as well as the mechanism of mother-child conflict in it.This study surveyed 359 children aged 4-6 and their mothers using the Phubbing Scale(PS),Children’s Emotional Adaptation Scale(CEAS-P),and Parent-Child Relationship Scale(CPRS).The results showed that:(1)the level of mother phubbing and mother-child conflict were both below average,while the level of young children’s social-emotional competence were above average;(2)There are significant differences in mother phubbing and young children’s social-emotional competence in terms of mothers’occupation and education;(3)Mother phubbing and mother-child conflict can significantly negatively predict young children’s social-emotional competence;Mother phubbing can significantly positively predict mother-child conflict;(4)The mother-child conflict plays a completely mediating role between mother phubbing and children’s social-emotional competence.This study reveals the relationship between mother phubbing and young children’s social-emotional competence,deepening people’s understanding of the negative impact and mechanism of mother phubbing on children’s development.It suggests that mothers,as the main caregivers,should regulate the use of mobile phones,reduce phubbing behavior,and pay attention to the quality of parent-child interaction to promote children’s positive development outcomes.