博物馆是如何传播文化的?——基于媒介视阈的实证分析

How do museums convey culture?An empirical analysis from a media perspective

在外部环境和内部结构的变革性推动下,博物馆的角色已从保存文物转向传播文化,从陈列物品的场所转向文化沟通与交流的场域。文章将博物馆置于传播与媒介的视阈下,通过梳理博物馆文化传播模型的演进并展开实证分析,构建博物馆文化传播概念模型。研究发现,博物馆是勾连受众的文化传播媒介,并通过内容生产、技术应用和制度安排三条路径组成的结构系统来发挥媒介作用。在文化强国背景下,应重视博物馆结构化系统的媒介特征,通过媒介创新和技术变革全面提高其文化传播力,从而实现博物馆文化传播媒介效果的最大化。

The function of museums has shifted from preserving cultural relics to disseminating culture and from being a space for displaying artifacts to a field for cultural communication and exchange. This paper constructs a model for museum cultural dissemination by tracing the evolution in this regard and conducting empirical analyses. The research reveals that museums as the media that connect audiences employ a structural system comprising three paths-content production, technological applications, and institutional arrangements-to fulfill their media role. In the context of building a culturally strong nation, it is imperative to enhance this function of museums through media innovation and technological changes, thereby maximizing the impact of their cultural dissemination.