我国钢琴表演专业学生肌肉骨骼疾患现状及影响因素分析

Current Situation and Factors Associated with Playing-related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Chinese Students in Piano Performance Major.

针对钢琴表演专业学生肌肉骨骼疾患的影响因素展开量化研究。研究采用了新编制钢琴演奏肌肉骨骼不适量表,对我国十余所音乐院校的969名钢琴表演专业学生进行问卷调查。研究发现:新编制钢琴演奏肌肉骨骼不适量表信效度较好;学生的肌肉骨骼疾患问题较普遍,背部和腰、颈椎、肩部、手腕、小臂是较严重的五个区域;性别、年级、肘关节屈伸姿态、肩关节外展姿态、坐高姿态是钢琴演奏肌肉骨骼疾患的影响因素。学生应多关注在钢琴练习及演奏过程中自身的肌肉骨骼舒适度,及时调整弹奏的身体姿态,避免出现因不良姿态所导致的肌肉骨骼疾患。钢琴专业教师在教学过程中也应提醒和帮助学生以舒适、自然的状态进行钢琴演奏训练。

The purpose of this research is to conduct a quantitative study on the risk factors of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among Chinese students in piano performance major.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 969 students in music schools.The results showed that the new scale had good reliability and validity.The musculoskeletal disorders of students are common,and the back and waist,cervical spine,shoulder,wrist,and forearm are the most serious areas.Gender,grade,elbow flexion and extension posture,shoulder abduction posture,sitting posture are the risk factors of piano playing-related musculoskeletal disorders.Students should pay more attention to their own musculoskeletal comfort during piano practice and performance and adjust their playing posture in time to avoid musculoskeletal disorders caused by unhealthy posture and methods.Piano teachers should also remind and help students to play piano in a comfortable and natural state.