CRISPR/Cas核酸检测系统的研究进展和未来挑战

Research progress and challenges on CRISPR/Cas nucleic acid diagnosis system

成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)/成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列相关蛋白(Cas)系统是一种新兴的分子诊断技术,具有检测速度快、操作简单、特异性高等优势,目前已成为分子诊断领域的研究热点。基于CRISPR/Cas系统构建的核酸检测系统中有一部分已得到临床验证,并获得预期的结果,有望成为一种理想的核酸分子诊断技术,但其在临床大规模应用前尚有一系列问题需要解决。文章对已建立的CRISPR/Cas核酸检测系统的原理、特点和存在的问题进行综述,以期为CRISPR/Cas核酸检测系统的临床应用提供依据。

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein(Cas)nucleic acid diagnosis system,as a new molecular diagnosis technology has advantages of rapid determination,simple operation and high specificity.CRISPR/Cas has been a research hotspot in nucleic acid molecular diagnosis.Some CRISPR/Cas nucleic acid diagnosis systems have been validated by clinical samples,which are expected to be an ideal nucleic acid molecular diagnosis technology.However,there are still a series of problems to be solved before the clinical large-scale commercial application.In this review,the principle,characteristics and problems are summarized,and it is expected to provide a reference for the early clinical application of CRISPR/Cas nucleic acid diagnosis system.