维持性血液透析患者感知压力的潜在类别及与积极度的关系

Latent categories of perceived stress in maintenance hemodialysis patients and its correlation with patient activation

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者感知压力的潜在类别及与积极度的关系。方法采用一般资料调查表、中文版感知压力量表、患者积极度量表对610例维持性血液透析患者进行调查,采用潜在剖面分析对感知压力的潜在类别进行分析。结果维持性血液透析患者感知压力得分为(32.50±8.93)分,可分为4个潜在类别:低压力-易失控型(8.69%)、中等压力型(28.85%)、压力偏高型(43.93%)、高压力型(18.53%),感知压力与积极度呈负相关(r=-0.652,P<0.001),不同感知压力潜在类别积极度得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论维持性血液透析患者感知压力较大,可分为4个潜在类别,以压力偏高型占比最多。在今后的临床和研究中,需根据患者类别特征制订有效的干预措施,降低患者压力水平,提高积极度,以促进患者身心健康。

Objective To explore the potential categories of perceived stress and the correlation between perceived stress and patient activation in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 610 maintenance hemodialysis patients were investigated with the general information questionnaire,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale and Patient Activation Measure.The latent profile analysis was used to analyze the potential categories of perceived stress.Results The perceived stress score in maintenance hemodialysis patients was(32.50±8.93),and it had four potential categories:low stress-easy to lose control type(8.69%),medium stress type(28.85%),high stress type(43.93%)and very high stress type(18.53%).There was a negative correlation between perceived stress and patient activation(r=-0.652,P<0.001),and the difference of perceived stress of different potential categories in the patient activation score was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients have four potential categories of perceived stress,and the high stress type accounts the largest proportion.Targeted interventions should be developed to reduce the stress level of maintenance hemodialysis patients according to potential category characteristics,improve the degree of patient activation,and promote the physical and mental health of patients in the future.