心理资本在护士工作倦怠和心理健康间的中介效应研究

Research on the mediating effect of psychological capital between nurses' job burnout and mental health

目的分析护士心理资本、工作倦怠及心理健康的现状,探讨心理资本在护士工作倦怠及心理健康间的中介效应。方法采用一般资料问卷、工作倦怠问卷、心理资本问卷及心理健康自评问卷对江苏省徐州市4所医院1452名护士进行调查。结果护士工作倦怠得分(68.31±16.37)分、心理资本得分(109.87±12.21)分、心理健康得分(6.04±1.12)分;护士工作倦怠得分与心理资本得分呈负相关、与心理健康得分呈正相关,心理资本得分与心理健康得分呈负相关(P<0.05);护士工作倦怠对其心理健康得分的直接效应为0.404,心理资本在护士工作倦怠与心理健康间存在中介效应(P<0.05)。结论改善护士心理健康,一方面要从降低工作强度和减少工作压力着手,另一方面培养护士积极情绪及重视心理资本建设,提高护士的社会地位和价值。

Objective To analyze the current situation of nurses'psychological capital,job burnout and mental health,and explore the mediating effect of psychological capital between job burnout and mental health.Methods General data questionnaire,Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS),Psychological Capital Scale(PCQ-24),Self-Reporting Questionaire 20(SRQ-20)were used to investigate 1452 nurses in 4 hospitals in Xuzhou,Jiangsu.Results MBI-GS,PCQ-24 and SRQ-20 score were(68.31±16.37),(109.87±12.21)and(6.04±1.12),respectively.There was a negative correlation between MBI-GS score and PCQ-24 score,a positive correlation between MBI-GS score and SRQ-20 score,and a negative correlation between PCQ-24 score and SRQ-20 score(P<0.05).The direct effect of job burnout on mental health of nurses was 0.404,in which psychological capital had a mediating effect(P<0.05).Conclusion To improve nurses'mental health,managers should start from reducing work intensity and pressure,and cultivate nurses'positive emotions and pay attention to the construction of psychological capital and improve nurses'social status and value.