坏死性凋亡与HIV-1感染的研究进展

Advances in necroptosis and HIV-1 infection

由于人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)在细胞中形成潜伏感染,且HIV-1潜伏感染机制尚不明确,导致当前抗逆转录病毒治疗无法根除感染者体内的HIV-1。坏死性凋亡作为一种受调控的细胞死亡形式,可在HIV-1感染的多种免疫细胞中发生,同时HIV-1可通过抑制细胞内坏死相关信号通路逃避细胞死亡的宿命,有利于为病毒潜伏库的形成。此外,坏死性凋亡主要发生在HIV-1感染的细胞中,不会造成近旁未感染细胞的损伤,可能成为靶向清除HIV潜伏库的潜在靶点。本文围绕坏死性凋亡在HIV-1感染细胞中的发生情况和相关机制进行综述,以期为后续开展HIV-1潜伏感染相关机制研究提供参考。

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)forms latent infection in cells,and the mechanism of latent HIV-1 infection remains unclear.As a result,current anti-retroviral therapies are unable to completely eradicate HIV-1 in infected individuals.Necroptosis,as a regulated form of cell death,can occur in several types of HIV-1-infected immune cells.At the same time,HIV can escape from cell death by inhibiting intracellular necroptosis-associated signaling pathways,which is conducive to the formation of HIV latent reservoir.In addition,necroptosis occurs mainly in HIV-1-infected cells and does not cause damage to nearby uninfected cells,which may be a potential target for targeted clearance of HIV latent reservoirs.This paper reviews the occurrence of necroptosis in HIV-1-infected cells and the related mechanisms,with a view of providing a reference for subsequent studies on the mechanisms related to HIV-1 latent infection.