如何培养新时代卓越工程师?——美国工程教育“戈登奖”获奖项目的启示

How to Cultivate Outstanding Engineers in the New Era?--Insights from the Gordon Prize in Engineering Education

本研究梳理戈登奖自2001年设立以来至2023年全部20项获奖项目概况与特征,发现了这些项目在培养目标、组织形式、培养方式、优先领域、范式推广五方面的特征,即培养具有社会责任感、国际视野和综合能力的工程领导者;采取开放多元的跨学科跨院校等跨界合作组织形式;实施基于项目、有工程特色的、灵活多样的培养模式;关注前沿领域的教育改革与技术创新,鼓励通过技术创业的方式来实现科技成果转化;培养成效显著,通过成立国际组织、发起全球倡议多种方式促进成果的推广应用。在此基础上,为我国新时代卓越工程师培养提出了政策建议,包括创新“跨界”型工程人才培养,开拓“工程+”人才培养新格局;注重科技创新与技术创业能力培养,打造“三创”工程教育生态系统;设立国家工程教育专项教学成果奖,提升工程师社会地位与影响力和加强国际合作交流,开展工程领导力项目。

This study analyzed all 20 Gordon Prize-winning projects from 2001 to 2023,identifying five key characteristics:developing engineering leaders with a sense of social responsibility,a global perspective,and comprehensive skills;employing transdisciplinary and cross-institutional collaborative organizational forms;utilizing project-based,engineering-specific,flexible training models;concentrating on educational reforms in cutting-edge fields and fostering innovation through technopreneurship;and achieving significant impacts,promoting global application through the establishment of international organizations and initiatives.Based on these findings,the study offers policy recommendations for training exceptional engineers in China's new era,including fostering"cross-border"engineering talents,pioneering"engineering+"talent development models,focusing on cultivating capabilities in innovation and entrepreneurship,establishing a national award for engineering education achievements,enhancing engineers'societal status and influence,and intensifying international collaborations and leadership projects.