我国中小学教师资格证制度改革及影响研究

Research on the Reform and Impact of the Qualification Certificate System for Primary and Secondary School Teachers in China

我国中小学教师资格是教师作为专业技术人员的国家资格证书制度,具有评价、促进教师专业发展等多种特征。资格制度经历了从学历资格、考核合格证资格到教师资格证过渡,从教师资格证“省级”考核再到“国考”的标准化管理阶段和院校考核+免试认定探索阶段。近几十年来,我国中小学教师资格证制度不断完善,对规范教师管理、提升教师质量、扩大教师供给、加强教师实践能力和推进教师专业发展及提高教师劳动力配置效率等方面发挥了积极作用。随着我国高质量教育体系建设,教师资格证制度从资格学历要求提升、教师培养机构的审核评估到定期注册制度、完善资格考核认定及教师资格的通用性方面都须进行相应的改革和实践探索,从而满足加快建设教育强国的发展需要。

In China,the qualification of primary and secondary school teachers is governed by a national qualification certificate system,which includes various features such as evaluation and promotion of professional development.The qualification standards for these teachers have evolved from mere records of formal schooling and assessment certificates to a more structured system involving provincial assessments and the transition to a national exam and college assessment+exemption recognition.Over the past few decades,continuous improvements in the teacher qualification certificate system have significantly contributed to standardizing teacher management,enhancing teacher quality,expanding the teacher supply,strengthening practical teaching skills,fostering professional development,and increasing efficiency in the teacher labor market.With the aim of building a high-quality education system in China,the reform of the teacher qualification certificate system must align with the requirements of teacher professionalization in the new era.This includes upgrading academic qualifications,evaluating teacher training institutions,instituting a regular registration system,improving qualification assessments,enhancing the versatility of teacher qualifications,and undertaking practical explorations to meet the developmental needs of the popularization and improvement of basic education.