生态文明理念探源——兼论塞什陶伊的生态文明学说

Intellectual History of Ecological Civilization:On Szesztay's Studies of Ecological Civilization

生态文明理念一般被认为是在20世纪70年代末出现的。更广泛的文献调研发现,至少从1951年开始,世界各国学者已经逐渐使用“生态文明”一词。作为重要的早期研究者,匈牙利社会学家塞什陶伊在20世纪70年代初对生态文明进行过较为系统和深入的研究。他认为生态危机的根源在于西方式现代化造成的人与自然关系的疏离,由此提出环境保护事业必须由生态文明这一积极的战略目标指引,以恢复人与自然的亲密关系,实现文明与自然的和谐发展。在尊重不同国家特殊国情的前提下,他进一步探讨了以“生态的世界文明”为最终目标的生态文明建设三阶段路线图。

The concept of ecological civilization is generally considered to have emerged in the late 197Os.However,a broader literature survey shows that the term of"ecological civilization"has been used by scholars around the world since 1951.As an important early researcher,Hungarian sociologist Andras Szesztay had conducted systematic and in-depth studies on ecological civilization in the early 1970s.He believes that the root of the ecological crisis lies in the alienation of the relationship between human beings and nature,which is caused by Western-style modernization.Thus,he proposed that environmental protection must be guided by the positive strategic goal of ecological civilization,so as to restore the intimate relationship between human beings and nature,and to achieve the harmony between civilization and nature.On the premise of respecting special national conditions of different countries,he further discussed a three-stage roadmap for ecological civilization with the ultimate goal of"ecological world-civilization".