少陵风流海外传:日本江户时代杜诗学的四个维度

Transmission of the Poetics of Du Fu in East Asian Sinoshpere--The Four Dimensions of Sudies on Du Fu in Edo Japan

江户时代,德川幕府通过与中国的书籍贸易,进口并翻刻了很多明清时代的杜诗学著作,很多刊刻活动是当时儒学家与书肆共同参与的结果。日本翻刻的主要是明代的杜律注本,尤以邵傅的《杜律集解》最多,江户时代学者还以《杜律集解》为基础,撰著了四部日本本土的杜诗注本。旧题李攀龙的《唐诗选》在江户时代流行一时,也产生大量注本,其中就包括对杜诗的注解。《唐诗选》系列注本对《饮中八仙歌》的阐释较有学术和文学批评价值。日本汉文学文集中有大量关于杜甫及杜诗的评论性资料,涉及对杜甫的总体评价以及对杜诗诗体和具体作品的评论。江户时代文人还留下了不少集杜诗,这以久贝蓼湾的《集杜五言诗》最具代表性。江户时代汉文学中也有不少拟效杜诗的作品,其中日本文人拟效的《饮中八仙歌》相关汉诗较有特色。

During Edo period,Japan imported and printed many works on poetics of Du Fu of Ming and Qing Dynasties.The print of Du Fu's works was influenced by Japanese Neo-Confucianism and promoted by bookstores at that time.The Japanese editions of Du Fu's works were mainly the annotation of Du Fu's regulated verses by Ming Dynasty scholars,and Shao Fu's The Collected Annotations of Du Fu Regulated Verses was printed most frequently.Furthermore,Japanese scholars composed four local annotations on Du Fu based on The Collected Annotations of Du Fu Regulated Verses.Selected Poetry of the Tang Dynasty which was attributed to Li Panlong became very popular during Edo period,and had various annotated versions which included annotations on Du Fu's poems.The most noteworthy point of annotations of Selected Poetry of the Tang Dynasty is the literary interpretion of Du Fu's"Song of Eight Drinking Immortals".The collected works of Japanese Sinographic literature contain a large amount of critical materials about Du Fu and his poems,which reflect the transmission and reception of Du Fu in Japan.The Japanese literati of Edo period also composed many poems made up of lines from Du Fu's verses,the lines of which were all or partly taken from Du Fu's poems.Kugai Ryowan's Poetry Made up of Lines from Du Fu's Five-character Verses was the representative work.There were also a large number of works in Japanese Sinographic literature that imitated Du Fu's poems,among which the Sinitic poems related to"Song of Eight Drinking Immortals"were verydistinctive.