增强实践性:英美澳三国专业博士培养模式的代际嬗变

Enhanced Practicality:The Generation Evolution of Professional Doctoral Advising Models in UK,US and Australia

英美澳三国专业博士的代际嬗变表明,专业学位博士生教育区别于学术学位博士生教育的本质属性。与第一、二代专业博士相比,第三代专业博士的学习主导权从大学转移至学习者,学习场所从大学转向工作场所,学生获得的知识来源于实践并应用于实践。英美澳三国专业学位博士生教育提升实践性的路径包括定义与规范专业博士概念,明确专业学位博士生教育定位;完善专业博士培养过程,增强全链条培养环节的实践性;加强与产业界的联系,在理论联系实际中服务于行业。

Analyzing the generation evolution of professional doctorates in UK,US and Australia,it finds that practicality is the essential attribute of professional doctorates that distinguishes them from Ph.D.Compared with the first and second generation of professional doctorates,the learning dominance of the third generation of professional doctorates has shifted from the university to the learners,the place of learning has shifted from the university to the workplace,and the knowledge gained by students comes from practice and applies to practice.The paths to enhance the practicality in various countries include:defining and standardizing the concept of professional doctorate and clarifying the position of professional doctorate;improving the training process of professional doctorate and realizing the whole chain of practicality;and enhancing the connection with the industry,and severing the industry in theory and practice.