我国老年人社会参与政策文本量化研究

Quantitative Analysis of Social Participation Policy Texts for Older Adults in China

目的:分析我国老年人社会参与政策分布特点,探究可优化之处,为我国老年人社会参与政策的制定提供科学参考。方法:采用内容分析法,对我国国家层面老年人社会参与政策开展文本量化研究,构建政策工具和增能理论二维分析框架以探索政策分布特点并提出对策建议。结果:政策工具维度中,需求型、供给型和环境型工具占比分别为8.93%、47.02%、44.05%;增能维度中,主体、环境和服务增能占比分别为14.29%、48.81%、36.90%。结论:我国老年人社会参与政策已成体系,但存在统筹性、协调性和持续性不够、对老年人主体增能回应不足等问题。从“健全体制机制”“以赋能赋权为核心多样化社会参与”等方面提出完善老年人社会参与政策体系的对策建议,以期助推政策的有效执行。

Objective To analyse the characteristics of the distribution of older adults'social participation policies,and explore what can be optimized,so as to provide scientific references for the formulation of older adults'social participation policies in China.Methods A quantitative textual study of Chinas national social participation policy for older adults was conducted by using content analysis,and a two-dimensional analytical framework of policy tools and empowerment theory was constructed to explore the characteristics of policy distribution and propose countermeasures.Results In the dimension of policy tools,the proportion of demand-side,supply-side and environment-side tools was 8.93%,47.02%and 44.05%,respectively.In the dimension of empowerment,the proportion of subject,environment and service empowerment was 14.29%,48.81%and 36.90%,respectively.Conclusion Social participation policy for older adults in China has gradually improved,but there were problems such as the insufficient coordination and sustainability of policies,and insufficient response to the issue of empowering older adults.Countermeasures and suggestions to improve the policy system of social participation of older adults were put forward from the perspectives of"improving the institutional mechanism"and"diversifying social participation with empowerment as the core",which can improve the effectiveness of policy implementation.