综合运动康复训练对住院老年衰弱患者衰弱、跌倒风险、平衡状态和疾病认知的干预效果研究

Intervention effects of comprehensive exercise rehabilitation training on frailty,fall risk,balance state and disease cognition in elderly frailty inpatients

目的观察综合运动康复训练对住院老年衰弱患者干预效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年6月于南通市第一人民医院住院老年衰弱患者96例,随机分为观察组(n=48)与对照组(n=48)。对照组行常规干预,观察组行常规干预联合综合运动康复训练干预,2组均干预10周。观察并比较干预前后2组患者衰弱情况(采用Fried衰弱评估法评估)、跌倒风险[采用跌倒风险评估量表(Morse)评估]、平衡状态[采用伯格平衡量表(Berg)评估]、躯体活动功能及生活质量[采用生活质量评分(SF-36)评估]。结果与同组干预前比较,干预后,2组患者活动能力降低、疲劳、握力下降、步速下降及体力降低发生率均降低,且观察组上述指标值均低于对照组(P<0.05);2组Berg评分均升高,且观察组Berg评分高于对照组,而2组Morse跌倒风险评分均降低,且观察组Morse跌倒风险评分低于对照组(均P<0.05);2组SPPB评分均升高,且观察组SPPB评分高于对照组(均P<0.05);2组生理健康、心理健康评分均升高,且观察组生理健康、心理健康评分高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论综合运动康复训练有助于改善住院老年衰弱患者衰弱情况,提高平衡控制力,降低跌倒风险,改善患者躯体活动功能,提高患者生活质量,具有一定的临床应用价值。

Objective To observe the intervention effects of comprehensive exercise rehabilitation training on elderly frailty inpatients.Methods A total of 96 elderly frailty patients hospitalized in First People's Hospital of Nantong City from January 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled and randomly divided into observation group(n=48)and control group(n=48).The control group received routine intervention,while the observation group received routine intervention combined with comprehensive exercise rehabilitation training intervention.Both groups were intervened for 10 weeks.The frail degree(evaluated by Fried frailty assessment),fall risk[evaluated by Fall Risk Assessment Scale(Morse)],balance state[evaluated by Berg Balance Scale],physical activity ability and quality of life[evaluated by 36-Item Shot-Form Health Status Survey(SF-36)]of the two groups before and after intervention were observed and compared.Results After intervention,the incidence of decreased activity ability,fatigue,decreased grip strength,decreased walking speed and decreased physical strength in both groups were lower than those of the same group before intervention,and the above index values of the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,Berg scores in both groups increased,and Berg score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group;Morse scores in both groups decreased,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05);SPPB scores in both groups increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05);the scores of physical health and psychological health in both groups increased,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive exercise rehabilitation training can improve the frail state of elderly frailty inpatients,enhance balance control,reduce the risk of fall,improve their physical activity ability and quality of life.It has certain clinical application value.