武汉市城市内部生态用地时空演变特征研究

Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of intra-urban ecological land in Wuhan

科学认识城市内部生态用地时空演变特征,对城市内部生态用地优化布局、提升城市居民生态福祉具有重要意义。以武汉市三环线内为研究区,借助2000年、2010年和2020年3期高分辨率遥感影像提取城市内部主要用地类型,运用土地利用动态度、景观格局指数等方法从数量、空间及景观格局三方面分析城市内部生态用地演变特征。结果表明:(1)虽然2000-2020年间研究区生态用地总面积呈下降趋势,但主要表现为耕地面积减少,林地和草地面积显著增加;(2)生态用地减少区域位于三环线附近的新建成区内,生态用地增加区位于内部改造的已建成区内;(3)生态用地破碎度总体呈升高趋势,且空间差异显著,破碎度升高区域主要位于新建成区,城市内部已建成区近10年破碎度有所缓和。经济发展、人口增长和政府政策是影响生态用地形态变化的三个主要方面,研究结果有助于为城市内部生态用地的优化与管控提供科学依据。

It is crucial for optimizing the layout of intra-urban ecological land and enhancing the ecological well-being of urban residents to understand the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of intra-urban ecological land scientifically.Taking the area within the Third Ring Road of Wuhan City as the research area,the major land cover types were identified by high resolution remote sensing images in 2000,2010 and 2020.The evolution of intra-urban ecological land was analyzed in terms of quantitative,spatial landscape pattern by using methods such as land use dynamics and landscape pattern index.The results showed that:(1)The total area of ecological land showed a downward trend from 2000 to 2020,primarily due to reduced cultivated land,while the area of woodland and grassland increased significantly.(2)The decrease of ecological land areas was located in the newly built areas near the Third Ring Road,while the increase of ecological land areas was located in the internally developed areas.(3)The fragmentation of ecological land showed an increasing trend,and there was significantly spatial difference.The increasing fragmentation areas were mainly located in the newly built areas,while the fragmentation within the city’s built-up areas decreased in recent 10 years.Economic development,population growth and government policies were the three main aspects resulting in the change of ecological land use patterns.These findings could provide a scientific basis for the optimization and management of ecological land use within urban areas.