区域视角的城乡历史文化遗产保护思考

REFLECTIONS ON THE PROTECTION OF URBAN AND RURAL HISTORIC AND CULTURAL HERITAGE FROM A REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE

改革开放以来,我国的城乡历史文化保护工作取得了显著成效,但也存在城镇布局建设忽视地域文化特色、文化遗产保护缺乏区域视角和系统观念等问题,导致地域文化特色消退、区域文化体系和脉络遭到破坏。作为人类历史上唯一延续至今的灿烂文明,中华文明“九州共贯、多元一体”,具有突出的连续性、统一性特征,从区域视角开展城乡历史文化遗产保护是弘扬中华文明的时代要求和必然选择。树立大历史观、大文化观和大区域观的城乡历史文化遗产保护理念,针对我国自然地理和地域文化多元的特征,提出以“精准适配”为核心思想、以“精准分析-适应布局-动态评估”为方法框架的区域城乡历史文化遗产保护理论方法,并应用于全国总体层面、跨区域跨流域文化廊道和典型文化片区等不同空间维度的保护实践,探索构建了我国区域城乡文化遗产保护的整体框架。

Since the reform and opening up,China’s urban and rural historic and cultural protection work has achieved remarkable results.But there are also problems such as the neglect of regional cultural characteristics in urban layout and construction,the lack of regional perspective and system concept in cultural heritage protection,which leads to the disappearance of regional cultural characteristics and the destruction of regional cultural system and context.As the only splendid civilization that lasts till today in human history,the Chinese civilization has the characteristics of outstanding continuity and unity.It is the requirement of the times and the inevitable choice for the promotion of the Chinese civilization to carry out the protection of urban and rural historic and cultural heritage from a regional perspective.This paper establishes the outlook of grand history,grand culture,and grand region for the protection of urban and rural historic and cultural heritage,and puts forward the theoretical approach of regional urban and rural historic and cultural heritage protection that is centered on“precise adaptation”and with“precise analysis,adaptive layout,and dynamic assessment”as the framework,after taking into account the characteristics of China’s natural geography and the diversity of regional cultures.This method is applied to the conservation of cultural corridors and typical cultural areas at different spatial dimensions,exploring the construction of an overall framework for the protection of China’s regional urban and rural cultural heritage.