外科住院医师医患沟通能力现状调查与影响因素分析

Investigation on Doctor-patient Communication Ability of Surgical Residents and Analysis of Influencing Factors

目的 了解外科住院医师的医患沟通能力现状及影响因素,为进一步优化外科住院医师的医患沟通能力培养方案提供参考。方法 采用整群调查的方式,于2022年1月1日-2022年6月30日期间对北京市在培的1903名外科住院医师进行问卷调查。问卷由一般信息问卷、医患沟通能力调查问卷、医患沟通能力影响因素问卷3部分组成。采用描述性统计分析和多元线性回归分析数据。结果 外科住院医师医患沟通能力得分为(3.44±0.25)分。6个维度中,确认信息能力维度得分最高(4.04±0.75)分、体会感受与反馈能力维度得分最低(2.52±0.63)分。多元线性回归模型显示招录届别、人员类型、性别、学历、医患沟通态度、知觉行为控制、沟通意图是影响医患沟通能力的主要因素。结论 外科住院医师的医患沟通能力有待进一步提升,招录届别、人员类型、性别和学历是影响医患沟通能力的人口学因素,医患沟通态度、知觉行为控制和沟通意图是影响医患沟通能力的人文因素。

Objectives To understand the current situation and influencing factors of doctor-patient communication ability of surgical residents,so as to provide reference for further optimizing the training program of doctor-patient communication ability of surgical residents.Methods From January 1st,2022 to June 30th,2022,a cluster survey was conducted among 1903 surgical residents in Beijing.The questionnaire consists of three parts:general information questionnaire,doctor-patient communication ability questionnaire,and doctor-patient communication ability influencing factors questionnaire.Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.Results The score of doctor-patient communication ability of surgical residents was 3.44±0.25.Among the six dimensions,the score of confirming information ability dimension was the highest(4.04±0.75),and the score of feeling and feedback ability dimension was the lowest(2.52±0.63).The multiple linear regression model was significant(R2=0.943).The grade(with grade 22 as the control,βgrade 20=0.008,βgrade 21=0.016,P<0.05),personnel type(with social person as the control,βgraduate=0.021,P<0.05),gender(with male as control,βfemale=0.019,P<0.05),educational background(with undergraduate as control,βpostgraduate=0.024,P<0.05),doctor-patient communication attitude(β=0.194,P<0.05),perceived behavioral control(β=0.256,P<0.05),and communication intention(β=0.204,P<0.05)were the main influencing factors of doctor-patient communication ability.Conclusions The doctor-patient communication ability of surgical residents needed to be further improved.Demographic factors such as grade,personnel type,gender,and educational background influenced the doctor-patient communication ability.Humanistic factors impacting doctor-patient communication ability included doctor-patient communication attitude,perceived behavioral control,and communication intention.