龙燕1号燕麦新品种的选育

Breeding of new oat variety Longyan No.1

为了选育高产、优质、适应东北三省及内蒙古地区种植的燕麦新品种,试验于2015年采用母本边锋和父本牧乐思进行种间杂交,并通过系统衍生法进行选育,对选育得到的燕麦新品种进行品种比较试验、区域试验及生产试验。结果表明:经选育得到龙燕1号燕麦,其2019—2020年两年平均干草产量及种子产量分别为15 100.0 kg/hm^(2)、4 760.3 kg/hm^(2),较对照牧乐思、白燕7号分别增产16.84%、11.71%和14.96%、11.11%,差异显著(P<0.05);两年(2022,2023年)多点(齐齐哈尔市、哈尔滨市、双鸭山市、绥化市)的平均干草产量龙燕1号最高,达9 857.14 kg/hm^(2),分别比对照青海444、青引2号增产18.11%、45.30%,差异极显著(P<0.01);在4个试验区哈尔滨市、兰西县、杜蒙县、肇东市的两年平均干草产量分别达到11 812.73 kg/hm^(2)、9 602.57 kg/hm^(2)、12 263.64 kg/hm^(2)和11 961.97 kg/hm^(2),比对照白燕7号分别增产11.57%、11.92%、12.60%、11.24%。说明饲用燕麦新品种龙燕1号燕麦相较亲本具有更好的生产性能,在东北三省均可种植。

In order to breed new oat varieties with high yield,high quality,which are suitable for planting in the three provinces of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia,in the experiment,the maternal Bianfeng and the paternal Mullus were used for interspecific hybridization in 2015,and the breeding was carried out by the system derived method,then the variety comparison test,regional test and production test were carried out for the new oat varieties.The results showed that oat Longyan No.1 was obtained by breeding,the average hay yield and seed yield of this variety in 2019—2020 were 15100.0 kg/hm^(2) and 4760.3 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which increased by 16.84%,11.71%and 14.96%,11.11%compared with the control varieties of Mullus and Baiyan No.7,respectively.The difference was significant(P<0.05).The average hay yield of Longyan No.1 in these two years(2022,2023)and multiple locations(including Qiqihar City,Harbin City,Shuangyashan City,Suihua City)was 9857.14 kg/hm^(2),which was 18.11%higher than that of Qinghai 444(P<0.01)and 45.29%higher than that of Qingyin No.2(P<0.01).The hay yield in the four test areas of Harbin City,Lanxi County,Dumeng County,Zhaodong City reached 11812.73 kg/hm^(2),9602.57 kg/hm^(2),12263.64 kg/hm^(2) and 11961.97 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Compared with the control variety of Baiyan No.7,the yield increased by 11.57%,11.92%,12.60%and 11.24%,respectively.The results indicated that the new oat variety Longyan No.1 had better production performance than its parent and could be planted in the three provinces of Northeast China.