应对市场需求变化的灵活高效催化裂化工艺技术研究与工业实践

STUDY AND APPLICATION OF FLEXIBLE FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING PROCESS TO MEET MARKET FLUCTUATION

能源结构调整关头,成品油和化工产品市场需求量和价格呈现正弦型波动,现有炼油转型技术存在不可逆性,且生产方案不可灵活调整,无法满足市场需求。在微观尺度调控单分子和双分子反应路径是解决催化裂化工艺由炼油向化工转型发展缺乏灵活性问题的有效方法,提出双分子反应指数可以作为单分子和双分子反应的发生比例量度,发现反应温度和分子筛催化剂类型是影响液化气和汽油产率的两个显著变量。试验结果显示:转化率相近时,530℃条件下Y分子筛催化剂作用下的汽油和(丙烯+丁烯)产率分别为47.55%和13.31%,580℃条件下MFI分子筛催化剂作用下的汽油和(丙烯+丁烯)产率分别为22.05%和31.45%;得到反应温度和催化剂类型比例与目标产物产率的关系,提出工业装置生产方案灵活切换调整思路,形成灵活高效催化裂化工艺。工业应用结果显示:数周内完成(丙烯+丁烯)与成品油的生产方案切换,生产方案灵活,为低成本渐进式转型发展提供了技术思路。

With the transformation of energy structure,the demand and price of refined oil and chemical products in market fluctuate sinusoidally.The existing refining transformation technology is irreversible and the production plan cannot be flexibly adjusted to meet market demand.Controlling single-molecule and bimolecular reaction path at micro scale was an effective method to solve the problem of inflexibility in the transition from refining to chemical industry in FCC process.It was proposed that the bimolecular reaction index could be used as a proportional measure of the occurrence of single-molecule and bimolecular reaction.The reaction temperature and the type of molecular sieve catalyst were two significant variables affecting the yields of liquefied gas and gasoline.The results showed that the yields of gasoline and(propylene+butene)over Y zeolite catalyst at 530℃were 47.55%and 13.31%,respectively,and the yields of gasoline and(propylene+butene)over MFI zeolite catalyst at 580℃were22.05%and 31.45%,respectively.Therelationship between reaction temperature and catalyst type ratio and the yield of target products was obtained,and the idea of flexible switching and adjustment of industrial plant production scheme was proposed to form a flexible and efficient catalytic cracking process.The industrial application results showed that the production scheme switching of(propylene+butene)and gasoline could be completed within a few weeks.Flexible production scheme provides technical ideas for low-cost progressive transformation and development.