基于NSGA-Ⅱ的内外液流通道筒式磁流变制动器优化设计

Optimal Design of Drum MR Brake with Internal and External Fluid Flow Channels Based on NSGA-ⅡAlgorithm

【目的】针对传统磁流变制动器磁场利用率不高的问题,设计了一种具有内外流道的筒式磁流变制动器。【方法】通过将隔磁环和隔磁盘集成在导磁材料旋转套筒和定子磁缸内,使得磁力线蜿蜒穿过内外液流通道的6段有效阻尼间隙,从而在制动器外形尺寸不变的前提下提高了转矩性能。阐述了内外液流通道筒式磁流变制动器的结构和工作原理,同时建立了制动转矩的数学模型。在电磁场和转矩分析的基础上,通过理论计算和DOE实验正交法预测模型精度,并利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法对内外液流通道筒式磁流变制动器进行多目标优化。【结果】结果表明,当加载电流为2.0 A时,制动器的转矩最大值由36.38 N·m提高到47.35 N·m,相比优化前提升了30.15%;转矩动态可调范围系数由18.28提高到21.31,相比优化前提升了16.58%。【结论】优化后的制动器满足无人配送小车的制动性能需求。

【Objective】In order to solve the problem of low magnetic field utilization of traditional magnetorheological brake(MRB),a drum MRB with internal and external fluid flow channel was designed.【Method】By adding non-magnetic rings and non-magnetic disk to the magnetic material rotary sleeve and the stator magnetic cylinder,the magnetic flux was guided meander through six effective damping gaps in the internal and external axial flow channels.Therefore,the torque performance was improved while keeping the outer dimension of the brake remains unchanged.The structure and working principle of the internal and external fluid flow MR brake were described,and the mathematical model of braking torque were deduced and established.Based on the analysis of electromagnetic field and torque,the accuracy of the model was predicted through theoretical calculation and DOE experiment orthogonal method,and the multi-objective optimization of the MR brake with internal and external fluid flow channels was carried out by using the NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm.【Result】The results show that,with an applied current of 2.0 A,the braking torque of the initial and optimal MRB dampers are 36.38 N·m and 47.35 N·m,respectively,which improves by 30.15%.Compared with the initial damper,the braking torque increased by 21.31 from 18.28,and the dynamic adjustable range improves by 16.58%.【Conclusion】The optimal MRB meets the braking performance requirements of unmanned delivery vehicles.