转向增值评价:数字技术支持职业教育学生评价的模式演进

Shifting towards Value-added Assessment:Evolution of Student Evaluation Models in Vocational Education Supported by Digital Technology

以成效逻辑为主导的传统职业教育学生评价在评价行动上重他律忽自律、在发展空间上带有绩效主义导向的强制性、在评价方式上单一评价模式仍是主流、在评价内容上表现出简单标准化,职业教育学生全面发展的路向出现偏移。在数字技术支持下,基于增值逻辑,建立基于大数据和人工智能、面向学生共同利益、尊重学生个体发展自主权和强化学生专业成长持续性的增值评价体系,有助于全面评价职业教育学生在学业和其他素质能力方面整体发展的进步增量。职业教育学生增值评价的形成机理,可从理论层面数字技术支持的职业教育学生增值评价体系建构和实践层面强化数据对职业教育学生增值评价的全面支持两方面考量。其运行机制需要依托“技术—网络—标准”的支撑,通过与多元利益主体联动,从平台架构、行动网络、模型建构和评价反馈四方面着力推进。

Traditional student evaluation in vocational education,which is dominated by an outcome-oriented logic,emphasizes external discipline but neglects self-discipline;it is mandatory with a performance-based orientation in terms of developmental space.In terms of evaluation methods,a single evaluation model remains mainstream,and in terms of evaluation content,it shows a simple standardization.This leads to a deviation in the path towards comprehensive development of students in vocational education.With the support of digital technology,a value-added evaluation system based on big data and artificial intelligence,oriented towards the common interests of students,respecting students'autonomy in individual development,and strengthening the continuity of students'professional growth can help comprehensively evaluate the incremental progress in the overall development of students in vocational education in terms of academic performance and other quality competencies.The formation mechanism of value-added evaluation of vocational education students can be considered from two aspects:the theoretical level,where the construction of a value-added evaluation system for vocational education students supported by digital technology is concerned,and the practical level,where strengthening the comprehensive support of data for value-added evaluation of vocational education students is concerned.Its operational mechanism requires relying on the support of technology-network-standards,working together with multiple stakeholders,focusing on four aspects:platform architecture,action networks,model construction,and evaluation feedback.