晚期福柯新自由主义研究的方法论基础与主体性关切

Methodological Foundations and Subjectivity Concerns In Late Foucault's Studies of Neoliberalism

权力/知识框架是福柯对新自由主义进行研究的方法论基础。基于这一方法论,福柯创造性地发展了法国科学史中基于“断裂”概念对科学作为普遍真理的质疑,关注知识起源和普遍化过程中的偶然性以及知识与权力的互动。通过考察新自由主义的断裂特质,福柯揭示了其起源的偶然及逻辑上的混乱,消解了其作为真理的地位,并进一步表现出对主体命运的关切。主体被作为“权力/知识”的新自由主义经济学做了专断的定义和规训,成为臣服的主体。但是,如果对这种专断的真理和权力体系进行反叛与断裂,就有可能指向能动性的主体的重建,并创造出无限的可能性。

The power/knowledge framework is the methodological foundation of Foucault's study of neoliberalism.This methodology creatively develops the questioning of science as a universal truth based on the concept of"rupture"in the history of science in France,and focuses on the contingency in the process of the origin and universalization of knowledge and the interaction between knowledge and power.By examining the rupture in neoliberalism,Foucault reveals the contingency of its origins and its logical confusion,thus dissolving its status as truth and further raising concerns about the fate of the subject.The subject is arbitrarily defined and disciplined by branches of learning such as neoliberalism as"power/knowledge"and becomes a subject of submission.However,if this arbitrary system of truth and power is rebelled against and ruptured,it is likely to reconstruct the subject and create infinite possibilities.