战时英军服务团与中共领导的东江纵队合作探究

A Study of Wartime Cooperation Between the British Army Aid Group and the East River Column Led by the CPC

太平洋战争爆发后,英军服务团主动与活跃于中国香港的中共领导的东江纵队开展情报合作。由于英国政府对国共冲突奉行中立政策,英军服务团便对东江纵队地位问题“避而不谈”,以维持同国共双方的合作。但在企图剿灭东江纵队的国民政府阻挠下,英方被迫中断与东江纵队的合作。后来的“军舰鸟事件”使得英方清楚认识到,其在华南的行动和情报工作必须依赖与东江纵队的合作。同时期美方与东江纵队的靠近也引起英方的重视,英军服务团敦促上级直接与国民政府进行交涉,要求恢复英军服务团与东江纵队的合作。英方高层一面与国民政府仅就程序性问题进行交涉,一面寄希望于与美方就东江纵队合作的所谓“红色问题”一起向国民政府摊牌。然而,美方绕过国民政府暗中与东江纵队合作使得英方的希望落空。战后英国政府承认东江纵队对英方的贡献,却由于政治因素并未公开给予应有评价。但从英国档案记载中可以获知,英方对东江纵队给予了高度肯定,从而彰显了东江纵队的国际贡献和国际影响。

After the outbreak of the Pacific War,the British Army Aid Group(BAAG)initiated intelligence cooperation with the East River Column(ERC)Led by the Communist Party of China(CPC).Since the then British Government perused a neutral stand in the conflict between the Kuomintang and the CPC,BAAG evaded the status of ERC to maintain cooperation both with the Kuomintang and the CPC.However,under the obstruction of the National Government of China which attempted to annihilate the ERC,BAAG was forced to break off the cooperation with ERC.Later,the"Frigate Bird Incident"made it clear to BAAG that its operations and intelligence work in South China must rely on cooperation with ERC.Meanwhile,the proximity of the Americans and the ERC also attracted the attention of the British side,and BAAG urged its superior to directly negotiate with the National Government,requesting to resume cooperation with ERC.British officials negotiated with the National Government only on procedural issues,hoping to show their hand together with the Americans to the National Government on the so-called"Red Issue"for their cooperation with ERC.However,the Americans bypassed the National Government and secretly cooperated with the ERC,which made the British hope fell through.After the war,the British government recognized the contribution of the ERC,but did not publicly give due evaluation due to political factors.However,the British archives reveal that the British government highly affirmed the international contribution and influence of the ERC.