《伤寒杂病论》对玄府理论的影响

Influence of Shang Han Za Bing Lun on Xuan Fu Theory

金元医家刘完素归纳总结《黄帝内经》“玄府”“气门”的概念,及张仲景学说中关于“腠理”的相关论述,形成了玄府理论。梳理《伤寒杂病论》对玄府理论的影响可知,张仲景对“腠理”概念的突破,乃玄府理论之启蒙;张仲景对人体发病的认识,与玄府理论相契合;张仲景疗愈疾病的方法,为玄府理论所继承。张仲景针对“九窍闭塞”“壅塞不通”的玄府郁闭之病机,提出了特色鲜明的治病防病理念——“若五脏元真通畅,人即安和。”面对外邪内伤,应“养慎”“不遗形体有衰”,以达到“不令邪风干忤经络”“病则无由入其腠理”的理想状态。在治疗方面,也有“大气一转,其气乃散”的总治则,与后世提出的“开通玄府”法若合一契。

The Xuan Fu theory was established with TCM doctor Liu Wansu′s summary of the"Xuan Fu"and"Qi Men"concepts in Jinyuan Dynasty based on Huang Di Nei Jing and the related discussions of"Cou Li"in Zhongjing′s theory.By analysis of the influence of Xuan Fu theory in Shang Han Za Bing Lun,it is found out that Zhang Zhongjing′s breakthrough of the"Cou Li"concept is the enlightenment of Xuan Fu theory.Zhang Zhongjing′s understanding of the disease of human body coincides with the theory of Xuan Fu.Zhang Zhongjing′s method of healing disease is inherited in Xuan Fu theory.In view of the pathogenesis of"nine orifices blocking"and"Qi choking up",Zhongjing put forward the idea of treating and preventing diseases with distinctive characteristics-"If the Yuan Qi in Five Zang is really unobstructed,people are peaceful and in harmony."In the face of external evil and internal injury,"tonifying Kidney"and"avoiding injury in body"to achieve the ideal state of"avoiding the evil Wind injure the meridians"and"avoiding disease entering Cou Li."In terms of treatment,there is also the general rule of"a turn of Qi leads to the dispersed disease",which is agreed with"opening Xuan Fu"method proposed by later generations.