心脏康复运动护理对冠心病患者心脏康复效果、心肺运动功能及生活质量的影响

Influences of cardiac rehabilitation exercise nursing on cardiac rehabilitation effect,cardiopulmonary exercise function and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease

目的观察心脏康复运动护理对冠心病患者心脏康复效果、心肺运动功能及生活质量的影响。方法将2020年12月至2021年12月收治的188例冠心病患者随机分为对照组(94例,常规护理)和观察组(94例,心脏康复运动护理)。比较两组的护理效果。结果护理3个月后,观察组的左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张早期峰值流速/左心室舒张晚期峰值流速(E/A)、无氧阈(AT)、峰值氧脉搏、最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))及最大代谢当量(MET_(max))高于对照组,左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心房容积指数(LAVI)低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理3个月后,观察组的6 min步行试验(6MWT)长于对照组,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组,冠脉血运重建结局量表(CROQ)中的亚量表CROQ-PTCA-Post评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的不良心血管事件总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论心脏康复运动护理可提高冠心病患者的心脏康复效果、心肺运动功能及生活质量,还可降低不良心血管事件发生率,值得临床推广。

Objective To observe the influences of cardiac rehabilitation exercise nursing on cardiac rehabilitation effect,cardiopulmonary exercise function and quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 188 patients with coronary heart disease admitted from December 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into control group(94 cases,routine nursing)and observation group(94 cases,cardiac rehabilitation exercise nursing).The nursing effects of the two groups were compared.Results After 3 months of nursing,the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular early diastolic flow peak/left ventricular late diastolic flow peak(E/A),anaerobic threshold(AT),peak oxygen pulse,maximum oxygen uptake(VO_(2)max)and maximum metabolic equivalent(METmax)in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD)and left atrial volume index(LAVI)were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After 3 months of nursing,the 6-minute walking test(6MWT)of the observation group was longer than that of the control group,the scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were lower than those of the control group,and the CROQ-PTCA-Post score of the subscale of Coronary Revascularization Outcome Questionnaire(CROQ)was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Cardiac rehabilitation exercise nursing can improve the cardiac rehabilitation effect,cardiopulmonary exercise function and quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease,and can also reduce the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events,which is worthy of clinical promotion.