4R危机管理理论在乳腺癌放疗期患者放射性皮炎管理中的应用

Application of 4R crisis management theory in the management of radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer during radiotherapy

目的 探讨4R危机管理理论在乳腺癌放疗期患者放射性皮炎管理中的应用。方法 该研究为回顾性队列研究。采用整群抽样法,抽取2021年3月至2022年2月在该院肿瘤放射中心接受术后放射治疗(放疗)的52例乳腺癌患者为对照组,抽取2022年3月至2023年2月在该院肿瘤放射中心接受术后放疗的57例乳腺癌患者为观察组。对照组采用常规护理管理模式进行干预,观察组运用4R危机管理理论进行管理。比较2组患者放射性皮炎的发生率、严重程度、舒适度和整体满意度。结果 观察组放射性皮炎发生率[40.35%(23/57)]低于对照组[69.23%(36/52)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.134,P=0.003);观察组放射性皮炎的严重程度较对照组明显减轻,差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.445,P=0.001)。观察组治疗期间的舒适度和整体满意度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(Z=-2.553,P=0.011;Z=-2.332,P=0.020)。结论 4R危机管理理论在乳腺癌放疗期患者放射性皮炎管理中的应用能够显著降低患者放射性皮炎的发生率,减轻其严重程度,提高患者治疗期间的舒适度和整体满意度。

Objective To explore the application of 4R crisis management theory in the management of radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer during radiotherapy.Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study.Using the cluster sampling method,a total of 52 breast cancer postoperative radiotherapy patients who received radiotherapy in the Cancer Radiation Center of the hospital from March 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the control group,and 57 breast cancer postoperative radiotherapy patients who received radiotherapy in the Cancer Radiation Center of the hospital from March 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the observation group.The control group was intervened with routine nursing management mode,while the observation group was managed with 4R crisis management theory.The incidence,severity,comfort,and overall satisfaction of radioactive dermatitis in the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of radiation dermatitis in the observation group[40.35%(23/57)] was lower than that in the control group [69.23%(36/52)],and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.134,P<0.05).The severity of radiation dermatitis in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(Z=-3.445,P=0.003).The comfort and overall satisfaction of the observation group during treatment were better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(Z=-2.553,P=0.011;Z=-2.332,P=0.020).Conclusion The application of 4R crisis management theory in the management of radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer during radiotherapy can significantly reduce the incidence and severity of radiation dermatitis,improve patient comfort and overall satisfaction during treatment.