5种猪场常用消毒剂对PCV2和PRV的消毒效果评价

Evaluation on the Disinfection Effects of 5 Disinfectants Commonly Used by Swine Farms against PCV2 and PRV

为评价含碘类、季铵盐类、过硫酸氢钾类、二氧化氯类和戊二醛类5种猪场常用消毒剂的安全性及其对病毒的消毒效果,在实验室、模拟猪场舍条件下,分别采用病毒悬液法、细胞培养病变法,根据说明书推荐的稀释比例,选择高、中、低3个工作浓度,与PCV2和PRV分别作用不同时间后接种细胞培养,观察细胞病变,通过TCID50计算病毒灭活率,荧光定量PCR检测病毒核酸含量。结果显示:含碘类和二氧化氯类消毒剂对细胞毒性较小,戊二醛类消毒剂对细胞的毒性相对较强。5类消毒剂对PCV2和PRV均有一定的杀灭效果,工作浓度越低,灭活时间越长;实验室条件下,含碘类、过硫酸氢钾类、二氧化氯类消毒剂显示出较强的消毒效果,在高、中工作浓度下10 min内即可100%灭活病毒,而猪场模拟条件下,含碘类消毒剂的实际消毒效果较差,季铵盐类消毒剂的核酸去除能力较弱。结果表明:所选用的5种常用消毒剂均可用于猪场消毒,可根据实际条件和需求选用;在保证安全的前提下,应尽量使用较高的工作浓度,且保证足够的消毒时间。本研究确定了5种常用消毒剂的病毒灭活效果与其工作浓度、消毒作用时间的关联性,为猪场消毒剂的选择与使用提供了参考。

In order to evaluate the safety of 5 disinfectants containing iodine,quaternary ammonium salts,potassium bisulfate,chlorine dioxide or glutaraldehyde commonly used by swine farms and their disinfection effects on viruses,their working concentrations were designed as high,medium and low under laboratory and simulated farm conditions according to the dilution ratios recommended by their instructions.After the disinfectants reacting with PCV2 and PRV for different time,the reaction product was inoculated into cells,and cell lesions were observed,the viral inactivation rate was calculated by TCID50,and the viral nucleic acid content was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that,the disinfectants containing iodine and chlorine dioxide were less toxic to the cells,but those containing glutaraldehyde was on the contrary.All the 5 disinfectants could kill PCV2 and PRV to certain extent,the lower the concentration was,the longer the inactivation period became;under laboratory conditions,the disinfectants containing iodine,potassium bisulfate or chlorine dioxide,with stronger disinfection,could inactivate 100%viruses within 10 minutes at high and medium concentrations,while under simulated farm conditions,the disinfectants containing iodine were poor in disinfection,and those containing quaternary ammonium salts were poor in the removal of nucleic acids.In conclusion,all the 5 disinfectants could be used for disinfection on swine farms according to actual conditions and requirements;higher concentrations and enough disinfection time should be ensured as much as possible under the premise of ensuring safety.In the study,the correlation of inactivation effect of 5 disinfectants and the working concentrations and disinfection time were determined,providing a reference for the selection and use of disinfectants on swine farms.