马克思的人民民主思想及其当代价值——基于《法兰西内战》的考察

Marx's Thought on People's Democracy and Its Contemporary Value——An Examination Based on"The French Civil War"

巴黎公社是马克思主义民主观的实践验证,马克思基于巴黎公社实践经验写就的《法兰西内战》是其集中阐发民主思想的经典文本。在该文中,马克思对民主前提、民主制度、民主实质进行了深刻阐述,擘画了人民民主思想的理论图谱。马克思人民民主理论建构以重塑国家与社会关系为逻辑起点,体现了“一切健全成分的真正代表”的人民逻辑和“防止社会公仆异化为社会主人”的价值逻辑的统一,契合了内容和形式合一、民主和善治互洽、理念和现实贯通的民主本质规定。马克思人民民主思想,彰显了社会主义人民民主的超越性优势,为廓清西方民主迷思提供了理论武器,为发展全过程人民民主奠定了理论基础,为塑造人类文明新形态指明了发展方向。

The Paris Commune is a practical example confirming Marxist democratic view.Karl Marx's classics text"The Civil War in France,"inspired by the experience of the Paris Commune,stands as a classic in exploring democratic thought.In this text,Marx delves deeply into the basics,institution,and essence of democracy,sketching out the theoretical framework of people's democracy.Marx's theory of people's democracy begins with reshaping the state-society relationship,embodying the unified logic of representing all healthy societal elements and preventing the alienation of social servants into masters.This formulation aligns with the essential principles of democracy,integrating content with form,democracy with effective governance,and ideals with realities.Marx's thought on people's democracy underscores the advantages of socialist democracy,providing theoretical ammunition to dispel Western democratic misconceptions,laying the groundwork for the whole-process people's democracy,and guiding the shaping of a new model for human progress.