教育水平“般配”就能幸福终老吗?——正向教育选型婚配倾向与离婚率

Can Positive Educational Assortative Mating Lead to a Happy Ending?Empirical Evidence from China

本文使用2005年人口抽样调查和2010年人口普查微观样本来构建城市层面的“正向教育选型婚配倾向”指数,以实证考察婚姻的教育匹配对离婚率的影响。结果表明,刻意追求教育水平的“般配”,特别是中、高教育水平的同级匹配会导致更高的离婚率。在使用高校扩招政策作为工具变量处理潜在内生性问题后,结果保持不变。基于微观家户调查数据的研究发现,同级教育婚配的家庭幸福感更低。机制分析显示,婚姻的教育匹配会通过影响家庭生产的分工模式来影响婚姻的稳定性。

This paper constructs a positive education assortative mating index using the sampling data of the national population in 2005 and 2010,and investigates the influence of marriage edu-cation assortative mating on the divorce rate.The results show that deliberately pursuing the“matching”of educational level,especially the matching of medium and high educational level,will lead to a higher divorce rate.After using university enrollment expansion as an instrumental variable,the results are still robust.This paper uses the micro household survey data and finds that the family happiness will be lower if the couples have the same education level.Further re-search shows that the education assortative mating of marriage affects the stability of marriage through the division of labor in a family.